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Shin, Gunchul,Gomez, Adrian M.,Al-Hasani, Ream,Jeong, Yu Ra,Kim, Jeonghyun,Xie, Zhaoqian,Banks, Anthony,Lee, Seung Min,Han, Sang Youn,Yoo, Chul Jong,Lee, Jong-Lam,Lee, Seung Hee,Kurniawan, Jonas,Tureb Elsevier 2017 Neuron Vol.93 No.3
<P><B>Summary</B></P> <P>In vivo optogenetics provides unique, powerful capabilities in the dissection of neural circuits implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders. Conventional hardware for such studies, however, physically tethers the experimental animal to an external light source, limiting the range of possible experiments. Emerging wireless options offer important capabilities that avoid some of these limitations, but the current size, bulk, weight, and wireless area of coverage is often disadvantageous. Here, we present a simple but powerful setup based on wireless, near-field power transfer and miniaturized, thin, flexible optoelectronic implants, for complete optical control in a variety of behavioral paradigms. The devices combine subdermal magnetic coil antennas connected to microscale, injectable light-emitting diodes (LEDs), with the ability to operate at wavelengths ranging from UV to blue, green-yellow, and red. An external loop antenna allows robust, straightforward application in a multitude of behavioral apparatuses. The result is a readily mass-producible, user-friendly technology with broad potential for optogenetics applications.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Subdermal, wireless optogenetic platform for untethered neuronal control </LI> <LI> Thin, flexible devices for discrete spatio-temporal targeting of neural circuits </LI> <LI> Low-cost, reliable NFC technology adaptable to most common behavioral contexts </LI> <LI> NFC devices can be tailored for use with different wavelength opsins in vivo </LI> </UL> </P>
Fabrication and application of flexible, multimodal light-emitting devices for wireless optogenetics
McCall, Jordan G,Kim, Tae-il,Shin, Gunchul,Huang, Xian,Jung, Yei Hwan,Al-Hasani, Ream,Omenetto, Fiorenzo G,Bruchas, Michael R,Rogers, John A Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2013 Nature protocols Vol.8 No.12
The rise of optogenetics provides unique opportunities to advance materials and biomedical engineering, as well as fundamental understanding in neuroscience. This protocol describes the fabrication of optoelectronic devices for studying intact neural systems. Unlike optogenetic approaches that rely on rigid fiber optics tethered to external light sources, these novel devices carry wirelessly powered microscale, inorganic light-emitting diodes (μ-ILEDs) and multimodal sensors inside the brain. We describe the technical procedures for construction of these devices, their corresponding radiofrequency power scavengers and their implementation in vivo for experimental application. In total, the timeline of the procedure, including device fabrication, implantation and preparation to begin in vivo experimentation, can be completed in ∼3–8 weeks. Implementation of these devices allows for chronic (tested for up to 6 months) wireless optogenetic manipulation of neural circuitry in animals navigating complex natural or home-cage environments, interacting socially, and experiencing other freely moving behaviors.