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池賢?(Jee Hyun-Sook) 역사교육연구회 2003 역사교육 Vol.88 No.-
Through analyzing the Funuhuijia("婦女回家") debate, developed in China in the 1930s, this paper will investigate perspectives on womanhood that is necessary to build up a modernized country and the model of womanhood idealized by a mainstream of the Nanjing national government. It gives the Chinese understanding on women issues in the 1930s and contributes to comprehend the process of establishing modernized country initiated by the Nanjing national government. The Funuhuijialunzheng("婦家回家"論爭) was a debate on views of ideal womanhood required to China under complex circumstances of Japans attack on Manchuria, the complicated internal situation and the Depression in the 1930s. According to the debate, there were three contending viewpoints in those days; new good-mother-wise-wife model, the compromise model, and the woman "social participant" model of the womanhood. Those who supported new good-mother-wise-wife model argued that by nature women are suitable for taking care of household affairs and nursing children. They also insisted that with scientific and professional knowledge women should help their husbands to carry out roles as members of a nation and educate their children who are also seen as members of a nation in the future. They empahsized that the position of "good-mother-wise-wife" should be considered as a job and women could contribute to the nation and the country through their husbands and children. This new "good-mother-wise-wife" model was differentiated from the feudal womanhood in that new "good-mother-wise-wife" type of women had modern knowledge. In addition, it was also discriminated from the traditional model, which had significance only at the domestic level, in a way that new "good-mother-wise-wife" model was taken seriously at the level of the nation. The compromise model of ideal womanhood claimed that new "good-mother-wise-wife" should be regarded as women"s role in domestic life and women also should contribute to the nation and the country through taking part in the social activities outside home. As most of the advocates of this model were women who are intellectuals, or had professional jobs, they were interested in sharing household duties. On the other side, proponents of "social participant" model insisted on abolishment of family system and private property, share of childcare duties, and socialization of household duties. They maintained that women should annul current social system and create new and reasonable one through women"s participation in the society. They also encouraged women to take part in the national liberation movement. Some members of the Communist Party advocated this model, so their opinion of abolishment of social system and opposition of new good-mother-wise-wife model could be interpreted as denial of the Guomindang and the Nanjing national government. The Nanjing national government which took an active role in "Funuhuijia"("婦女回家") debate spread the appropriate model of womanhood for their establishment of a modernized country by regulating the press, and attempted to exclude the "social participant" model. The Guomindang published Funuzhoukan(『婦女周刊』), a party organ, and propagated new "good-mother-wise-wife" model that pledged loyalty to the party and the Nanjing national government. It also discontinued Funuwendi(『婦女園地』), which was one of the main magazines that produced discourse on the "social participant" model of womanhood, and had the Funuzhuankan(『婦女專刊』) publish, which supported the compromise model. Besides, regulating the transportation of magazines, it set limits of the publication of Funushenghuo(『婦女生活』) and Nusheng(『女聲』) into Shanghai. The Guomindang tried to prevent the spread of the "social participant" model of womanhood through controlling publication of new magazines and the p
기도상피세포에서 식물 에센셜 오일의 인터루킨-8 분비억제 효과
현경희 ( Kyung Hee Hyun ),김윤섭 ( Youn Seup Kim ),서정근 ( Jeung Keun Suh ),한성환 ( Sung Hwahn Hahn ),김도형 ( Do Hyung Kim ),박재석 ( Jae Suk Park ),지영구 ( Young Koo Jee ) 대한천식알레르기학회 2011 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.31 No.4
Background: Neutrophil is an important inflammatory cell in severe asthma and associated with steroid-resistance in asthma therapy. In addition, interleukin (IL)-8 is a key chemokines recruiting and activating neutrophils. Methods: The aim of this study was to explore the therapeutic potential of aromatherapy using essential oils derived from plant extracts in asthma treatment. Essential oils from citron, pine tree, Chamaecyparis pisifera, and Chamaecyparis obtusa were extracted by water-steam distillation. The promoter activity and secretion of IL-8 were measured by using luciferase assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay after pretreatment in tumor necrosis factor-α stimulated A549 and human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) cell lines with diluted essential oils. Results: IL-8 transcription was suppressed with 1 : 500 concentration of each essential oil (P<0.05). IL-8 secretion in A549 cell was suppressed with 1 : 1,000 or higher concentrations of oils except from citron (P<0.05). IL-8 secretion in BEAS-2B cells was decreased after exposure to 1 : 500 concentration of pine tree, Chamaecyparis pisifera and 1 : 2,000 or higher concentrations of Chamaecyparis obtusa (P <0.05). Conclusion: Essential oils from pine tree and Chamaecyparis obtusa may have a therapeutic potential for asthma by regulating neutrophil-mediated inflammation. (Korean J Asthma Allergy Clin Immunol 2011;31:272-280)
이석환(Seok hwan Lee),이진욱(Jin wook Lee),지강훈(Kang hoon Jee),최민호(Min ho Choi),노윤현(Yun hyun Roh) 한국가스학회 2009 한국가스학회지 Vol.13 No.1
천연가스는 전세계적으로 매장량이 풍부하며 청정성과 경제성을 동시에 갖춘 연료로써 향후 자동차용 연료로 널리 사용될 전망이다. 천연가스를 사용하는 엔진의 출력 및 배출가스 특성을 최적화하기 위해서는 연료량 제어가 필수적이며 이를 위해서는 분사기의 성능이 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 대형 가스엔진에 고유량을 공급할 수 있는 가스분사기를 직접 개발하여 실제 엔진에 장착하여 기존의 고유량 가스분사기와 성능을 비교하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 가스분사기는 듀티 증가에 따라 선형적인 유량 특성을 지니고 있음을 파악하였으며 이를 통해 분사량 제어성이 우수하다는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 듀티 10% 미만의 조건에서도 분사유량은 선형성을 지니고 있으며 제어성도 우수하다. Natural gas is the world’s most plentiful combustible fuel, abundantly acailable in all continent. A fuel injector designed specifically for low energy density gaseous fuels has been developed. The injector incorporates design features that are necessary to optimize the performance for fuels such as CNG, LNG. Gaseous fuel injectors have a decisive influence upon starting performance, driveability, fuel consumption and exhaust emissions. A gaseous fuel injector has been developed to cope with the considerably larger volume flow rates and the developed gaseous fuel injector could be used at heavy duty natural gas engine. The static flow of injectors at various inlet pressure was directly proportional and the controllability showed great performance.
롤투롤 나노임프린팅 및 금속 경사증착 기반 대면적 유연 기판 상 3D LSPR 구조의 연속적 제작 및 투명센서 소자 응용
위정섭(Jung-Sub Wi),오동교(Dong Kyo Oh),이성호(Sung Ho Lee),이승조(Seungjo Lee),이규태(Kyu-Tae Lee),김정대(Jeong Dae Kim),이재혁(Jae Hyuk Lee),안주현(Ju Hyun Ahn),이원석(Won Seok Lee),지강민(Kang Min Jee),박인규(Inkyu Park),곽문규(Moon 한국기계가공학회 2017 한국기계가공학회 춘추계학술대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.4