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Red and Blue Photons Can Enhance the Production of Astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis
Z-Hun Kim,Ho-Sang Lee,이철균 한국조류학회I 2009 ALGAE Vol.24 No.2
The unicellular green alga, Haematococcus pluvialis, accumulates the highest level of astaxanthin among known astaxanthin-producing organisms. Light is the most important factor to induce astaxanthin by H. pluvialis. Blue and red LEDs, whose λmax’s are 470 and 665 nm, respectively, were used for internally illuminated light sources. Fluorescent lamps were also used for both internal and external illumination sources. The astaxanthin levels in these various lighting systems were analyzed and compared each other. The cultures under internally illuminated LEDs accumulated 20% more astaxanthin than those under fluorescent lamp. Furthermore, LEDs generated much less heat than the fluorescent lamps, which gives one more reason for the LEDs being a suitable internal light source for astaxanthin induction. The results reported here would lead novel designs of photobioreactors with improvements of illumination methods for high level of astaxanthin production. The maximum astaxanthin concentrations as well as the astaxanthin yield per supplied photon were increased by at least 20% when blue or red LEDs were supplied.
( Z Hun Kim ),( Yong Jun Lee ),( Sun Mi Kim ),( Ho Jin Kim ),( Chang Koo Yun ),( Yong Soo Choi ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2015 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.25 No.3
In this study, we developed a composite filler comprising cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA) and human collagen (COL) derived from the human umbilical cord with the aim of improving its biocompatibility and longevity compared with commercially available fillers. After HA/ COL composite fillers were made in two different ratios (10:1 and 5:1), the physical properties of the fillers were evaluated. The interior morphologies and in vivo weight change of these hydrogels were also characterized at 1-16 weeks after injection into mice. To evaluate their biocompatibility and durability in vivo, we injected the composite fillers into nude mice subcutaneously. The variations of injected gel weight were measured and compared with the commercial dermal fillers (Restylane and TheraFill). The composites showed improved or similar physical properties (complex viscosity of 19-22 × 105 cP, and injection force of 10- 12 N) over the commercial dermal fillers. Sixteen weeks following the injection, the ratio of remaining composite filler weight to initial weight (75.5 ± 16.9%; 10:1) was shown to be greater than that of the commercial fillers (43.2 ± 8.1%, Restylane; 12.3 ± 5.3%, TheraFill). In addition, immunohistochemical analysis with angiogenesis-related markers such as isolectin and vWF revealed newly formed blood vessels and cellular influx into the composite filler, which were not observed in the other fillers. These results clearly suggest that the HA/COL composite filler is a superior candidate for soft tissue reconstruction. The filler we developed may be a suitable candidate as an injectable dermal filler for tissue augmentation in humans.
( Z Hun Kim ),( Hanwool Park ),( Choul Gyun Lee ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.6
A green microalga, Tetraselmis sp., was cultivated in the coastal seawater of Young-Heung Island using semi-permeable membrane photobioreactors (SPM-PBRs) in different seasons. The microalgae in the SPM-PBRs were able to grow on nutrients diffused into the PBRs from the surrounding seawater through SPMs. The biomass productivity varied depending on the ion permeabilities of the SPMs and environmental conditions, whereas the quality and quantity of fatty acids were constant. The temperature of seawater had a greater influence than solar radiation did on productivity of Tetraselmis sp. in SPM-PBRs. SPM-PBRs could provide technologies for concurrent algal biomass and fatty acids production, and eutrophication reduction in the ocean.
Kim, Z-Hun,Park, Hanwool,Lee, Ho-Sang,Lee, Choul-Gyun The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnol 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.7
A split-column photobioreactor (SC-PBR), consisting of two bubble columns with different sizes, was developed to enhance the photon utilization efficiency in an astaxanthin production process from Haematococcus lacustris. Among the two columns, only the smaller column of SC-PBR was illuminated. Astaxanthin productivities and photon efficiencies of the SC-PBRs were compared with a standard bubble-column PBR (BC-PBR). Astaxanthin productivity of SC-PBR was improved by 28%, and the photon utilization efficiencies were 28-366% higher than the original BC-PBR. The results clearly show that the effective light regime of SC-PBR could enhance the production of astaxanthin.
Red and Blue Photons Can Enhance the Production of Astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluviatis
Kim, Z-Hun,Lee, Ho-Sang,Lee, Choul-Gyun The Korean Society of Phycology 2009 ALGAE Vol.24 No.2
The unicellular green alga, Haematococcus pluvialis, accumulates the highest level of astaxanthin among knownastaxanthi.n-producing organisms. Light is the most important factor to induce astaxanthin by H. pluvialis. BIue andred LEDs, whose ${\lambda}_{max}$'s are 470 and 665 nm, respectively, were used for internally illuminated light sources.Fluorescent lamps were also used for both internal and external illumination sources. The astaxanthin levels in thesevarious lighting systems were analyzed and compared each other. The cultures under internally illuminated LEDsaccumulaled 20% more astaxanthin than those under fluorescent lamp. Furthermore, LEDs generated much lessheat than the fluorescent lamps, which gives one more reason for the LEDs being a suitable internal Light source forastaxanthin induction. The results reported here would lead novel designs of photobioreactors with improvementsof illumination methods for high level of astaxanthm production. The maximum astaxanthin concentrations as wellas the astaxanthin yield per supplied photon were increased by at least 20% when blue or red LEDs were supplied.