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      • Valuation of Non-Market Amenities from Environmental Resources

        Himayatullah Khan 세계문화관광학회 2010 Conference Proceedings Vol.11 No.0

        This study values the non-market amenities from two national parks in Northern Pakistan. The paper‘s main aims are to estimate the consumer surplus and recreational value (benefits) of the two Parks; to use these values to determine an optimal entrance fee for visiting these parks; to find out whether improvements in the recreational benefits of these parks would lead to a higher demand for park visitation; and to offer policy recommendations on how overall benefits of the park can be improved. Using individual travel cost model the study finds that the travel cost incurred by individuals is inversely related to park visitation rates. Household income has a positive impact on recreational demand. There is also a significant relationship between the cost of the substitute site and the demand for the park under consideration. The education of visitors bears a positive sign while the age variable has a negative algebraic sign. The dummy variables for male, urban dweller and good perception of visitors about the environmental quality of the park have positive coefficients. The estimated total recreational value of Margalla Hills National Park was Rs. 200.1 million and that of Ayubia National park was Rs. 200.6 million.

      • Valuation of Non-Market Amenities from Environmental Resources : The Case of two National Parks in Northern Pakistan

        Himayatullah Khan 세계문화관광학회 2011 Conference Proceedings Vol.12 No.-

        This study values the non-market amenities from two national parks in Northern Pakistan. The paper's main aims are to estimate the consumer surplus and recreational value (benefits) of the two Parks; to use these values to determine an optimal entrance fee for visiting these parks; to find out whether improvements in the recreational benefits of these parks would lead to a higher demand for park visitation; and to offer policy recommendations on how overall benefits of the park can be improved. Using individual travel cost model the study finds that the travel cost incurred by individuals is inversely related to park visitation rates. Household income has a positive impact on recreational demand. There is also a significant relationship between the cost of the substitute site and the demand for the park under consideration. The education of visitors bears a positive sign while the age variable has a negative algebraic sign. The dummy variables for male urban dweller and good perception of visitors about the environmental quality of the park have positive coefficients. The estimated total recreational value of Margalla Hills National Park was Rs. 200.1 million and that of Ayubia National park was Rs. 200.6 million.

      • Economic Significance of Non-Timber Forest Products as a Sustainable Source of Rural Livelihoods

        Himayatullah Khan,Laura G. Vasilescu,Branka Buric 세계문화관광학회 2009 Conference Proceedings Vol.10 No.0

        Human societies derive many essential goods from natural ecosystems, including seafood, game animals, fodder, fuel wood, timber, and pharmaceutical products. These goods represent important and familiar parts of the economy. Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) are an important forest resource in Pakistan, with the potential to make a significant economic contribution to small, resource-based communities. Non-timber forest products include all the human-exploited uses of plant and fungal species of the forest, other than timber, pulpwood, shakes or other wood products. The commercial harvest of NTFPs from forest lands is a significant economic activity in Pakistan and in some areas it is important to rural economic development. This study is based on a sample of 209 households in three selected villages of District Abbottabad. The data were collected using a pre-tested interview schedule in spring 2008. This study investigates the role of common property resources as a source of sustainable rural income in Ayubia National Park. No study has ever been conducted in Pakistan on the role of NTFPs collected from the forests in ANP area. This study was conducted to examine the extent of dependency of households on NTFPs as family income; the relative contribution of NTFPs in annual family income; category wise variation of NTFP collection among households, if any; the type of NTFP collected by villagers; and trend of NTFP collection for sale, etc. The study finds that family size and family type contributed positively to NTFPs income and labour employment, landholdings and agricultural income and cost of technology contributing negatively to NTFPs dependence.

      • Economic Significance of Non-Timber Forest Products as a Sustainable Source of Rural Livelihoods -A Micro Level Analysis in Mountainous Areas of Ayubia National Park-

        ( Himayatullah Khan ),( Laura G. Vasilescu ),( Branka Buric ) 한국문화관광학회 2009 문화관광연구 Vol.11 No.2

        Human societies derive many essential goods from natural ecosystems, including seafood, game animals, fodder, fuel wood, timber, and pharmaceutical products. These goods represent important and familiar parts of the economy. Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) are an important forest resource in Pakistan, with the potential to make a significant economic contribution to small, resource-based communities. Non-timber forest products include all the human-exploited uses of plant and fungal species of the forest, other than timber, pulpwood, shakes or other wood products. The commercial harvest of NTFPs from forest lands is a significant economic activity in Pakistan and in some areas it is important to rural economic development. This study is based on a sample of 209 households in three selected villages of District Abbottabad. The data were collected using a pre-tested interview schedule in spring 2008. This study investigates the role of common property resources as a source of sustainable rural income in Ayubia National Park. No study has ever been conducted in Pakistan on the role of NTFPs collected from the forests in ANP area. This study was conducted to examine the extent of dependency of households on NTFPs as family income; the relative contribution of NTFPs in annual family income; category wise variation of NTFP collection among households, if any; the type of NTFP collected by villagers; and trend of NTFP collection for sale, etc. The study finds that family size and family type contributed positively to NTFPs income and labour employment, landholdings and agricultural income and cost of technology contributing negatively to NTFPs dependence.

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