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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Hasan Wajahat (검색결과 1 건)
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Hasan Wajahat Sejong University, Graduated School 2015 국내석사
The traditional electric grid has always suffered from the lack of steady demand for electricity and unlike other markets, electricity is one product that cannot be stored so its production has to be increased or decreased in real-time. However, smart grid with its two-way flow of information and electricity can resolve this issue through the use of demand response (DR). DR is the shifting or shedding of load by the user in response to a demand from power utilities. The two end points in a load reduction event are the utility and the device which reduces its power consumption; currently to achieve this load reduction would require a combination of DR standards or of DR standards with other protocols like BACnet. But with the spread of internet of things (IOT), electric devices are becoming capable of communication by themselves and this should govern the future direction of DR protocols. In our thesis first common automated DR (ADR) standards known as open automated demand response 2.0 (openADR 2.0) was explored. To understand DR messages and events and to show the inadequacies of the current DR systems we developed a fully functional DR client. For openADR 2.0 to fully function, it needs a DR client which means, having to install an extra device or software in every house and for that software to have the capability to communicate with electronic devices which sometimes use proprietary protocols. But with IOT the same functions can be done by the devices themselves, with the support from the right ADR protocol. OpenADR 2.0 is heavily dependent on XML but for a utility to communicate with millions of devices, XML is too verbose. In our thesis we have proposed the use of efficient XML interchange (EXI) as serialization technique for DR standards as it can provide the advantages of XML but requires far less battery, memory and processing capabilities. A network model of smart grid on OPNET was created and a DR event simulated using both XML and EXI. The results show that EXI significantly generate far less data than XML. Using these results a new DR protocol was proposed which targets constrained devices and is an end-to-end DR protocol. The proposed protocol is designed specifically for small devices and divides devices in to categories which can help the utility to generate DR events more efficiently. The proposed protocol is based on web of things and uses constrained application protocol (CoAP) and EXI. The protocol was implemented using contiki and the analysis done using traffic generated showed that our protocol generated far less traffic than openADR 2.0 without constant updating and with constant update it generated nearly the same. This shows that an end-to-end DR protocol for constrained devices is feasible and advantageous.
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