A Critical study of William Drummond of Hawthornden

Fogle, French R 1952 국내박사

On Mechanical Transitions in Biologically Motivated Soft Matter Systems

Fogle, Craig University of California, Los Angeles 2015 해외박사(DDOD)

The notion of phase transitions as a characterization of a change in physical properties pervades modern physics. Such abrupt and fundamental changes in the behavior of physical systems are evident in condensed matter system and also occur in nuclear and subatomic settings. While this concept is less prevalent in the field of biology, recent advances have pointed to its relevance in a number of settings. Recent studies have modeled both the cell cycle and cancer as phase transition in physical systems. In this dissertation we construct simplified models for two biological systems. As described by those models, both systems exhibit phase transitions. The first model is inspired by the shape transition in the nuclei of neutrophils during differentiation. During differentiation the nucleus transitions from spherical to a shape often described as "beads on a string." As a simplified model of this system, we investigate the spherical-to-wrinkled transition in an elastic core bounded to a fluid shell system. We find that this model exhibits a first-order phase transition, and the shape that minimizes the energy of the system scales as (micror3/kappa).. The second system studied is motivated by the dynamics of globular proteins. These proteins may undergoes conformational changes with large displacements relative to their size. Transitions between conformational states are not possible if the dynamics are governed strictly by linear elasticity. We construct a model consisting of an predominantly elastic region near the energetic minimum of the system and a non-linear softening of the system at a critical displacement. We find that this simple model displays very rich dynamics include a sharp dynamical phase transition and driving-force-dependent symmetry breaking.

Interactions with acidic lipids represent novel mechanisms of HCN channel modulation

Fogle, Keri J Columbia University 2007 해외박사(DDOD)

Ion channels are integral membrane proteins that allow charged particles to pass in and out of cells, generating the electrical signaling required for excitable cells to function, while channel modulation serves to dynamically broaden their range of properties. Hyperpolarization activated, cyclic-nucleotide sensitive (HCN) channels are members of the voltage-gated channel superfamily. Known as the "pacemaker" channels, their canonical role in physiology is maintenance of rhythmic firing in the heart and the brain, where the depolarizing current they pass is known as IH, but are also critical for maintaining resting cell properties and certain aspects of sensory systems. Although structurally similar to potassium channels, HCN channels are distinguished by the presence of a cyclic-nucleotide binding domain in the C-terminus and resultant ability to be modulated by direct binding of these diffusible messengers. Native current literature reports numerous instances of receptor-mediated changes in IH, and while known modulators can account for some of these effects, many incidences of facilitation of gating upon activation of PLC-coupled receptors remain unexplained. We hypothesized that novel signaling molecules downstream of PLC could modulate HCN channels. Using a pharmacological approach we found that blocking cellular pathways leading to the production of two acidic lipids, phosphatidic acid and arachidonic acid, can alter HCN channel properties in the Xenopus oocyte expression system, while direct application of these lipids modifies HCN channel behavior. Subsequent structure-function studies into the nature of HCN-lipid interactions revealed that HCN channels are highly sensitive to the lipid components of their local environment and exhibit selective coupling to fatty acids with distinct gating states. Thus the composition of the membrane around HCN channels, including both the fatty acid chains which surround the core, and the charged polar head groups - which we revealed can influence the activated voltage sensor - can profoundly affect HCN channel function. The implications of these studies are significant for native physiology and provide a basis for pharmacological endeavors aiming to remedy pathologies in which these channels may be involved, including epilepsy, arrhythmia, neuropathic pain, and ischemia.

Marketization and Consumerism in Nursing Education: Perspectives of Nurse Educators

Fogle, Elizabeth Ann ProQuest Dissertations & Theses William Carey Univ 2019 해외박사(DDOD)

The purpose of this study was to explore marketization and consumerism of pre-licensure nursing programs from the perspective of the nurse educator. With evidence-based practice driving much of what the nursing profession does, examining marketization and the effects of consumerism on pre-licensure nursing programs, as well as the impact on the faculty vested in students’ preparation, could yield insight into improved curricular design, teaching methods, and evaluation. The nurse educator is the expert, not the broker of nursing education. The theoretical framework for the study was Mead’s Symbolic Interaction theory, which suggests behavior is directed based on decoded symbols created by the experiences in an individuals’ Society, Self, and Mind. A phenomenological approach to the research design along with purposive criterion sampling was employed. The sample size consisted of nine nurse educators. The age ranged between 39 – 69. The educators had graduated an average of 30.4 years ago. Combined, the educators had a total of 274 years of experience as registered nurses and 120.5 years of nursing education experience. Using Colaizzi’s method of data analysis, three themes and eight sub- themes were identified: 1. Job responsibility of participants in nursing education had sub-themes of (a) student, (b) faculty and (c) administration responsibilities; 2. Evolution of nursing education had sub-themes of (a) roles of participants and (b) focus and driving forces; and finally, 3. Job expectations versus reality had sub-themes of (a) student and (b) faculty.

Understanding electronic music: A phenomenological approach

Fogle, Megan The Florida State University 2009 해외박사(DDOD)

Today composers have a variety of sounds at their disposal and with the advancements of technology it is no wonder that composers would turn to electronic means for producing music. However, this leaves the listener with unmapped terrains of sound, rich in complexity, and calls for new listening strategies in order to begin to understand how electronic pieces "work." This dissertation presents a phenomenological approach to analyzing electronic music by incorporating the experiential perspective of the listener, and also incorporates psychological perceptual aspects based on Gestalt principles. Drawing on a phenomenological approach is viable for the analysis of electronic music because in most cases a score is not available for the listener, as is the case with traditionally notated works. This approach aims to decipher how sonic events are defined and heard within an individual composition, since the sound palette available to a composer within this genre has grown to enormous portions. Once sonic events are identified within a composition, the listener can then investigate the formal structure, providing a deeper understanding of the work. The first chapter provides an overview of electronic music including a brief history of the genre, analytical consideration of electronic works, and analyses that incorporate a phenomenological approach. The second chapter describes the concept of phenomenology and explains how the listener can incorporate this type of analytical approach, which includes investigating factors that cause the listener to segment musical events. The third chapter discusses the identification of sonic events, and divides them into two main categories---events that incorporate the aspect of musique concrete, including the voice, traditional instruments, and found objects as sound sources, and events that are derived purely by electronic means. This chapter provides brief analyses of selected works that illustrate various ways composers employ sonic events that fall into the two main categories mentioned. The fourth chapter provides complete analyses of six works mentioned in the previous chapter, illustrating how the listener can identify sonic events, categorize them, and create a listening score, which in turn aids in investigating the formal structure of the work. The final chapter offers general conclusions regarding electronic works based on the analyses presented.

Thermodynamic Modeling and Dispatch of Distributed Energy Technologies including Fuel Cell -- Gas Turbine Hybrids

McLarty, Dustin Fogle University of California, Irvine 2013 해외박사(DDOD)

Distributed energy systems are a promising means by which to reduce both emissions and costs. Continuous generators must be responsive and highly efficiency to support building dynamics and intermittent on-site renewable power. Fuel cell – gas turbine hybrids (FC/GT) are fuel-flexible generators capable of ultra-high efficiency, ultra-low emissions, and rapid power response. This work undertakes a detailed study of the electrochemistry, chemistry and mechanical dynamics governing the complex interaction between the individual systems in such a highly coupled hybrid arrangement. The mechanisms leading to the compressor stall/surge phenomena are studied for the increased risk posed to particular hybrid configurations. A novel fuel cell modeling method introduced captures various spatial resolutions, flow geometries, stack configurations and novel heat transfer pathways. Several promising hybrid configurations are analyzed throughout the work and a sensitivity analysis of seven design parameters is conducted. A simple estimating method is introduced for the combined system efficiency of a fuel cell and a turbine using component performance specifications. Existing solid oxide fuel cell technology is capable of hybrid efficiencies greater than 75% (LHV) operating on natural gas, and existing molten carbonate systems greater than 70% (LHV). A dynamic model is calibrated to accurately capture the physical coupling of a FC/GT demonstrator tested at UC Irvine. The 2900 hour experiment highlighted the sensitivity to small perturbations and a need for additional control development. Further sensitivity studies outlined the responsiveness and limits of different control approaches. The capability for substantial turn-down and load following through speed control and flow bypass with minimal impact on internal fuel cell thermal distribution is particularly promising to meet local demands or provide dispatchable support for renewable power. Advanced control and dispatch heuristics are discussed using a case study of the UCI central plant. Thermal energy storage introduces a time horizon into the dispatch optimization which requires novel solution strategies. Highly efficient and responsive generators are required to meet the increasingly dynamic loads of today's efficient buildings and intermittent local renewable wind and solar power. Fuel cell gas turbine hybrids will play an integral role in the complex and ever-changing solution to local electricity production.