Encyclopedia of analytical science

목차 (Table of Contents)

• [Volume. 1]----------
• CONTENTS
• Editors = ⅴ
• Editorial Board = ⅴ
• Advisory Board = ⅵ
• Preface = xi
• Introduction = xiii
• Guide to Use = xv
• The colour plate section appears between pages 362 and 363
• ACETYLENES See FUNCTIONAL GROUP ANALYSIS, unsaturated compounds
• ACID-BASE INDICATORS See INDICATORS, acid-base
• ACTINOIDS = 1
• ACTIVATION ANALYSIS
• Neutron activation analysis = 8
• Charged particle activation analysis = 16
• Photon activation analysis = 25
• ADDITIVES See FOOD AND NUTRITIONAL ANALYSIS
• ADHESIVES AND SEALANTS = 33
• ADULTERATION = 42
• AFFINITY CHROMATOGRAPHY See ELECTROPHORESIS, crossing immuno- and affinity techniques ; LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY, affinity techniques
• AIR ANALYSIS
• Air sampling = 50
• Global air analysis = 55
• Workplace air analysis = 59
• ALCOHOL DETERMINATION See ETHANOL(ETHYL ALCOHOL)
• ALCOHOLS See FUNCTIONAL GROUP ANALYSIS, hydroxy compounds
• ALDEHYDES See FUNCTIONAL GROUP ANALYSIS, carbonyl compounds
• ALKALOIDS = 68
• ALUMINIUM = 74
• AMINES, AMIDES AND CARBAMATES See FUNCTIONAL GROUP ANALYSIS, amines, amides and carbamates
• AMINO ACIDS - ANALYSIS OF MIXTURES = 81
• AMPEROMETRY = 90
• AMPHETAMINES See PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOUNDS, amphetamines
• AMPLIFICATION REACTIONS = 100
• ANALYTICAL REAGENTS
• Analysis and specification = 108
• Purification = 114
• ANIMAL FEEDS
• Macroconstituents = 120
• Microconstituents and contaminants = 124
• ANTIMONY = 136
• ANTIOXIDANTS = 145
• ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND ANTIQUE ANALYSIS
• Dating of artefacts = 151
• Metallic and ceramic objects = 158
• AROMA See SENSORY EVALUATION - FLAVOURS, PERFUMES AND ODOURS
• ARSENIC
• Elemental determination = 168
• Compound determination = 174
• ARSON RESIDUES See FORENSIC SCIENCE, arson residues
• ASBESTOS = 185
• ASCORBIC ACID See VITAMINS
• ATMOSPHERE See AIR ANALYSIS
• ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY
• Theory and Instrumentation
• Principles and instrumentation = 195
• Interference and background correction = 214
• Techniques
• Flame atomic absorption spectrometry = 221
• Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry = 228
• Vapour generation atomic absorption spectrometry = 236
• ATOMIC EMISSION SPECTROMETRY
• Theory and Instrumentation
• Principles and instrumentation = 245
• Interferences and background correction = 256
• Techniques
• Flame emission photometry = 263
• Furnace atomic nonthermal excitation spectrometry = 270
• Inductively-coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry = 276
• Microwave-induced plasma spectrometry = 281
• ATOMIC FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETRY = 288
• ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY See SURFACE ANALYSIS, atomic force microscopy
• ATOMIC MAGNETO-OPTICAL ROTATION SPECTROMETRY = 296
• ATOMIC MASS SPECTROMETRY See MASS SPECTROMETRY, atomic mass spectrometry
• AUGER ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY See SURFACE ANALYSIS, Auger electron spectroscopy
• AUTOANALYSER See SEGMENTED FLOW ANALYSIS
• AUTOMATED SAMPLE PREPARATION = 306
• AUTOMATION See LABORATORY AUTOMATION
• BACTERIA See MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS
• BARIUM = 312
• BATCH ANALYSER See CLINICAL ANALYSIS, instrumentation and applications
• BERYLLIUM = 323
• BEVERAGES See FOOD AND NUTRITIONAL ANALYSIS
• BILE = 331
• BIOASSAYS = 341
• BIOLOGICAL MONITORING = 347
• BIOLUMINESCENCE = 352
• BIOPROCESS ANALYSIS = 358
• BIOTIN See VITAMINS
• BISMUTH = 365
• BLEACHES AND STERILANTS = 375
• BLOOD AND PLASMA = 384
• BLOOD GROUPINGS See FORENSIC SCIENCE, blood analysis
• BLOTTING TECHNIQUES See ELECTROPHORESIS, blotting techniques
• BOD See WATER ANALYSIS, biological oxygen demand
• BORON = 389
• BROMINE = 401
• BROMOCOMPOUNDS See FUNCTIONAL GROUP ANALYSIS, halocompounds ; HALOCOMPOUNDS
• BUFFER SOLUTIONS = 404
• BUILDING MATERIALS = 407
• CADMIUM = 418
• CAESIUM See POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM AND CAESIUM
• CALCIUM = 426
• CALIBRATION
• Principles = 432
• Glassware and primary standards = 439
• CALORIMETRY See THERMAL ANALYSIS
• CANDOLUMINESCENCE = 448
• CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS See ELECTROPHORESIS, high-performance capillary electrophoresis; ELECTROPHORESIS, Capillary electrophoresis in rotation-stabilized media
• CARBOHYDRATES
• Overview = 451
• Detection and determination of carbohydrates = 466
• Sugar derivatives - spectrophotometric and spectroscopic methods = 477
• Sugar derivatives - chromatographic methods = 485
• Dietary fibre measured as nonstarch polysaccharides in plant foods = 501
• Starch = 511
• Cellulose = 518
• CARBON
• Elemental determination = 526
• Inorganic compound determination = 538
• CARBON-14 DATING See ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND ANTIQUE ANALYSIS
• CARBONYL COMPOUNDS See FUNCTIONAL GROUP ANALYSIS, carbonyl compounds
• CARBOXYLIC ACIDS See FUNCTIONAL GROUP ANALYSIS, carboxylic acids
• CARDIAC STEROIDS = 545
• CAROTENOIDS See PIGMENTS AND DYESTUFFS, natural pigments
• CATALYSTS
• Sampling procedures and pretreatment = 551
• Analytical procedures = 558
• CELLULOSE See CARBOHYDRATES, cellulose
• CEMENT = 567
• CENTRIFUGAL ANALYSER See CLINICAL ANALYSIS, instruments and applications
• CENTRIFUGATION
• Low-speed separations = 573
• Ultracentrifugation = 578
• CERAMICS = 585
• CEREBROSPINAL FLUID = 592
• CFCs See CHLOROFLUOROHYDROCARBONS
• CHARGED PARTICLE ACTIVATION ANALYSIS See ACTIVATION ANALYSIS, charged particle activation analysis
• CHELATION TECHNIQUES See ION EXCHANGE, chelation techniques
• CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS = 599
• CHEMILUMINESCENCE
• Theory and Instrumentation
• Overview = 608
• Techniques
• Liquid-phase chemiluminescence = 613
• Gas-phase chemiluminescence = 621
• Electrogenerated chemiluminescence = 626
• CHEMOMETRICS
• Overview = 632
• Univariate techniques = 638
• Multivariate techniques = 645
• Analytical method optimization = 650
• Experimental design = 659
• [Volume. 2]----------
• CONTENTS
• Editors = ⅴ
• Editorial Board = ⅴ
• Advisory Board = ⅵ
• Guide to Use = ⅸ
• The colour plate section appears between pages 924 and 925
• CHIRAL CHROMATOGRAPHY See GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY, chiral separations ; LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY, chiral separations
• CHIROPTICAL ANALYSIS
• Polarimetry = 667
• Optical rotatory dispersion = 672
• Circular dichroism = 678
• CHLORINE
• Elemental determination = 687
• Compound determination = 693
• CHLOROCOMPOUNDS See FUNCTIONAL GROUP ANALYSIS, halocompounds ; HALOCOMPOUNDS
• CHLOROFLUOROHYDROCARBONS = 700
• CHLOROPHYLLS See PIGMENTS AND DYESTUFFS, natural pigments
• CHOLECALCIFEROL See VITAMINS
• CHOLESTEROL - DETERMINATION IN BLOOD = 708
• CHROMATOGRAPHY
• Principles = 714
• Overview of techniques = 720
• CHROMIUM
• Elemental determination = 729
• Compound determination = 736
• CIRCULAR DICHROISM See CHIROPTICAL ANALYSIS, circular dichroism
• CLINICAL ANALYSIS
• Overview of aims and scope = 743
• Instruments and applications = 749
• Sample types, collection and preservation = 758
• Therapeutic drug monitoring = 763
• COAL AND COKE = 769
• COBALAMIN See VITAMINS
• COBALT = 777
• COCAINE See PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOUNDS, cocaine
• COLD VAPOUR ANALYSIS See ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY, vapour generation atomic absorption spectrometry ; MERCURY
• COLLABORATIVE TRIALS - USES IN METHOD DEVELOPMENT = 784
• COLORIMETRY See ULTRAVIOLET-VISIBLE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY
• COLOUR MEASUREMENT = 794
• COMMINUTION OF SAMPLES = 803
• COMPUTER MODELLING = 810
• COMPUTER-AIDED IDENTIFICATION = 817
• COMPUTER-INSTRUMENT INTERFACING = 825
• CONDUCTIMETRY AND OSCILLOMETRY = 834
• CONTAMINATION = 843
• CONTINUOUS FLOW ANALYSIS See FLOW INJECTION ANALYSIS ; SEGMENTED FLOW ANALYSIS
• COPPER = 852
• CORRELATION CHROMATOGRAPHY = 858
• COSMETICS AND TOILETRIES
• Cosmetics = 864
• Toiletries = 871
• Perfumes = 885
• COTTON See CARBOHYDRATES, cellulose ; TEXTILES, natural materials
• COULOMETRY
• Overview = 891
• Modern coulometric analysis = 901
• COUNTERCURRENT CHROMATOGRAPHY = 910
• CRUDE OILS = 917
• CRYSTALLOGRAPHY See X-RAY TECHNIQUES, X-ray diffraction - single crystal methods ; X-RAY TECHNIQUES, X-ray diffraction - powder methods
• CUPELLATION See FIRE ASSAYING
• DAIRY PRODUCTS See FOOD AND NUTRITIONAL ANALYSIS, dairy products
• DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID See ELECTROPHORESIS, nucleic acids and their fractions ; FORENSIC SCIENCE, DNA profiling; MICROSCOPY, proteins and nucleic acids ; NUCLEIC ACIDS ; POLYMERAS$$\acute E$$ CHAIN REACTION
• DERIVATIZATION OF ANALYTES = 927
• DIALYSIS See MEMBRANE TECHNQlUES, dialysis and reverse osmosis
• DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY See THERMAL ANALYSIS, differential scanning calorimetry
• DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS See THERMAL ANALYSIS, differential thermal analysis
• DIOXINS = 936
• DISTILLATION-ANALYTICAL APPLICATIONS = 939
• DNA See ELECTROPHORESIS, nucleic acids and their fractions; FORENSIC SCIENCE, DNA profiling ; MICROSCOPY, proteins and nucleic acids ; NUCLEIC ACIDS; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION
• DRUG METABOLISM
• Metabolite isolation and identification = 944
• Isotope studies and metabolite profiling = 952
• DRUG RESIDUES IN ANIMAL FEEDS = 958
• DRUG SCREENING IN SPORT = 961
• DRUGS See CLINICAL ANALYSIS, therapeutic drug monitoring; FORENSIC SCIENCE, systematic drug identification; IMMUNOASSAYS, analytical toxicology; PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOUNDS
• DYESTUFFS See PIGMENTS AND DYESTUFFS
• EFFLUENT ANALYSIS
• Industrial effluents = 977
• Food processing wastes = 987
• Sewage treatment works = 991
• ELECTROCHEMISTRY See CONDUCTIMETRY AND OSCILLOMETRY; COULOMETRY ; POLAROGRAPHY ; PROCESS ANALYSIS, electrochemistry ; SENSORS; SPECTROELECTROCHEMISTRY ; VOLTAMMETRY, stripping voltammetry
• ELECTROGRAVIMETRY = 996
• ELECTROLYTES - DETERMINATION IN PHYSIOLOGICAL SAMPLES = 1003
• ELECTRON MICROSCOPY See MICROSCOPY; SURFACE ANALYSIS
• ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY
• Principles and instrumentation = 1013
• Specialized techniques = 1017
• Applications = 1022
• ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS = 1031
• ELECTROPHORESIS
• Theory
• Principles = 1041
• Techniques
• Paper eiectrophoresis = 1048
• Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis = 1053
• Polysaccharide gels = 1062
• Isoelectric focusing = 1068
• Isotachophoresis = 1075
• Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis = 1082
• Crossing immuno- and affinity techniques = 1090
• High-performance capillary electrophoresis = 1096
• Capillary electrophoresis in rotation-stabilized media = 1106
• Electrophoresis in fused salts = 1112
• Blotting techniques = 1116
• Applications
• Nucleic acids and their fractions = 1122
• Clinical applications = 1125
• Capillary zone electrophoresis of carbohydrates = 1135
• ELEMENTAL ORGANIC ANALYSIS = 1152
• ELEMENTAL SPECIATION = 1158
• ELISA See IMMUNOASSAYS, enzyme immunoassays
• ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS = 1166
• ENZYMES
• Overview = 1170
• Immobilized enzymes = 1182
• Determination of activators and inhibitors = 1187
• Enzyme-based electrodes = 1190
• Isoenzymes = 1197
• Separation and determination in physiological samples = 1201
• Determination in industrial products and processes = 1212
• ERGOCALCIFEROL See VITAMINS
• ESSENTIAL OILS = 1217
• ETHANOL(ETHYL ALCOHOL) = 1225
• EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN See CHEMOMETRICS, experimental design; OPTIMIZATION AND EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
• EXPERT SYSTEMS - ANALYTICAL APPLICATIONS = 1233
• EXPLOSIVES See FORENSIC SCIENCE, explosives
• FATS See FOOD AND NUTRITIONAL ANALYSIS, oils and fats
• FATTY ACIDS See LIPIDS, fatty acids
• PERMENTATION MEDIA - ON-LINE CHARACTERIZATION = 1240
• FERROUS METALS = 1249
• FERTILIZERS = 1262
• FIELD INSTRUMENTATION = 1267
• FINGERPRINTS See FORENSIC SCIENCE, fingerprint techniques
• FIRE ASSAYING = 1282
• FLAME AND FURNACE INFRARED EMISSION SPECTROMETRY = 1289
• FLAME PHOTOMETRY See ATOMIC EMISSION SPECTROMETRY, flame emission photometry
• FLAVOURS See SENSORY EVALUATION - FLAVOURS ; PERFUMES AND ODOURS
• [Volume. 3]----------
• CONTENTS
• Editors = ⅴ
• Editorial Board = ⅴ
• Advisory Board = ⅵ
• Guide to Use = ⅸ
• The colour plate section appears between pages 1750 and 1751
• FLOW ANALYSIS See FLOW INJECTION ANALYSIS ; SEGMENTED FLOW ANALYSIS
• FLOW INJECTION ANALYSIS
• Theory and Instrumentation
• Principles = 1299
• Instrumentation = 1306
• Techniques
• Detection techniques = 1315
• Applications
• Environmental and agricultural analysis = 1321
• Clinical and pharmaceutical analysis = 1341
• Industrial analysis = 1351
• FLUORESCENCE
• Theory and Instrumentation
• Principles = 1358
• Instrumentation = 1365
• Quantitative analysis = 1370
• Techniques
• Fluorescence derivatization = 1375
• High-resolution techniques = 1386
• Multidimensional fluorescence spectrometry = 1395
• Applications
• Clinical and drug analysis = 1402
• Inorganic analysis = 1409
• Environmental analysis = 1417
• Food analysis = 1426
• FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY See MICROSCOPY, fluorescence microscopy
• FLUORINE
• Elemental determination = 1435
• Compound determination = 1444
• FLUOROCOMPOUNDS See FUNCTIONAL GROUP ANALYSIS, halocompounds ; HALOCOMPOUNDS
• FOAM FRACTIONATION AND FLOTATION = 1453
• FOLIC ACID See VITAMINS
• FOOD AND NUTRITIONAL ANALYSIS
• Introduction
• Overview = 1460
• Analytes
• Additives = 1469
• Antioxidants and preservatives = 1476
• Contaminants = 1481
• Determination of mycotoxins = 1490
• Water and mineral determination = 1499
• Matrices
• Alcoholic beverages = 1504
• Coffee, cocoa and tea = 1512
• Dairy products = 1517
• Fruits and fruit products = 1525
• Meat and meat products = 1531
• Oils and fats = 1540
• Soft drinks = 1547
• Vegetables and legumes = 1553
• Use of Enzymes
• Use of enzymes in food analysis = 1561
• FORENSIC SCIENCE
• Overview = 1568
• Blood analysis = 1571
• DNA profiling = 1577
• Determination of alcohol in body fluids = 1585
• Systematic drug identification = 1594
• Explosives = 1606
• Fibres = 1612
• Fingerprint techniques = 1617
• Paints, varnishes and lacquers = 1625
• Glass = 1635
• Arson residues = 1643
• Gunshot residues = 1649
• Hair = 1655
• FOURIER TRANSFORM TECHNIQUES = 1661
• FUELS
• Gaseous fuels = 1667
• Oil-based fuels = 1672
• FULLERENES - PROPERTIES AND ANALYTICAL APPLICATIONS = 1679
• FUNCTIONAL GROUP ANALYSIS
• Amines, amides and carbamates = 1686
• Carbonyl compounds = 1691
• Carboxylic acids = 1700
• Halocompounds = 1708
• Hydroxy compounds = 1713
• Nitro compounds = 1720
• Phenols = 1726
• Thiols = 1732
• Unsaturated compounds = 1740
• GALLIUM = 1748
• GAMMA-RAY SPECTROMETRY = 1751
• GAS ANALYSIS See MASS SPECTROMETRY, gas analysis
• GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
• Theory and Instrumentation
• Instrumentation = 1760
• Column types = 1766
• Stationary phases = 1771
• Column switching techniques = 1786
• Basic detectors = 1791
• Specialized detectors = 1796
• Techniques
• Method development = 1804
• Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry = 1811
• Pyrolysis-gas chromatography = 1820
• High-temperature techniques = 1833
• Elemental detection = 1844
• Chiral separations = 1851
• Coupled techniques = 1860
• Gas chromatography-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy = 1865
• Applications
• Clinical and toxicological analysis = 1871
• Nonanalytical applications = 1876
• Separation of metal chelates = 1883
• Environmental analysis = 1888
• Food analysis = 1894
• Forensic science = 1899
• Petrochemical analysis = 1907
• GAS MEASUREMENTS See VOLUMETRIC GAS MEASUREMENTS
• GAS-PHASE CHEMILUMINESCENCE See CHEMILUMINESCENCE, gas-phase chemiluminescence
• GASEOUS FUELS See FUELS, gaseous fuels
• [Volume. 4]----------
• CONTENTS
• Editors = ⅴ
• Editorial Board = ⅴ
• Advisory Board = ⅵ
• Guide to Use = ⅸ
• The colour plate section appears between pages 2108 and 2109
• GASTRIC JUICES = 1915
• GEL ELECTROPHORESIS See ELECTROPHORESIS, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ; ELECTROPHORESIS, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis
• GEOLOGICAL MATERIALS = 1925
• GERMANIUM = 1935
• GLASS ELECTRODE See ION-SELECTIVE ELECTRODES, glass electrodes
• GLASSES = 1943
• GLASSWARE See CALIBRATION, glassware and primary standards
• GLOBAL AIR ANALYSIS See AIR ANALYSIS, global air analysis
• GLOW-DISCHARGE MASS SPECTROMETRY See MASS SPECTROMETRY, glow-discharge mass spectrometry
• GLUCOSE - DETERMINATION IN PHYSIOLOGICAL SAMPLES = 1948
• GLUCOSE ELECTRODE See ENZYMES, enzyme-based electrodes
• GLUE See ADHESIVES AND SEALANTS
• GOLD = 1959
• GRAPHITE FURNACE See ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY, electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry ; ATOMIC EMISSION SPECTROMETRY, furnace atomic nonthermal excitation spectrometry
• GRAVIMETRY = 1966
• HAEMOGLOBINS See IRON AND HAEMOGLOBINS-DETERMINATION IN BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES
• HAFNIUM See ZIRCONIUM AND HAFNIUM
• HAIR See FORENSIC SCIENCE, hair
• HALOCOMPOUNDS = 1974
• HERBICIDES = 1983
• HEROIN See PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOUNDS, heroin
• HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY See LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
• HISTORY OF ANALYTICAL SCIENCE = 1995
• HORMONES - STEROID HORMONES = 2006
• HPLC See LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
• HUMIC AND FULVIC COMPOUNDS = 2017
• HYDRIDE GENERATION See ANTIMONY ; ARSENIC ; ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY, vapour generation atomic absorption spectrometry, GERMANIUM ; SELENIUM
• HYDROCARBONS = 2028
• HYDROGEN = 2035
• HYDROGEN ION See pH
• HYDROXY COMPOUNDS See FUNCTIONAL GROUP ANALYSIS, hydroxy compounds
• HYPHENATED TECHNIQUES See INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY, hyphenated techniques ; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY, coupled techniques
• IMAGING TECHNIQUES = 2042
• IMMUNOASSAYS
• Theory and Instrumentation
• Principles = 2049
• Production of antibodies = 2057
• Techniques
• Enzyme immunoassays = 2066
• Fluorescence-based methods = 2072
• Applications
• Analytical toxicology = 2081
• Clinical analysis = 2086
• Food analysis = 2093
• Forensic analysis = 2101
• INDICATORS
• Acid-base = 2109
• Redox = 2120
• Complexometric, adsorption and luminescent indicators = 2127
• INDIUM = 2139
• INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA See ATOMIC EMISSION SPECTROMETRY, inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry ; MASS SPECTROMETRY, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry
• INERT GASES See NOBLE GASES
• INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS See LABORATORY INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
• INFORMATION SOURCES = 2146
• INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY
• Theory and Instrumentation
• Overview = 2153
• Instrumentation = 2170
• Sample presentation = 2176
• Techniques
• Near-infrared spectroscopy = 2189
• Attenuated and diffuse reflectance = 2200
• Fourier transform infrarde spectroscopy = 2207
• Hyphenated techniques = 2211
• Photothermal spectroscopy = 2219
• Time-resolved infrared spectroscopy = 2225
• Applications
• Industrial applications = 2232
• INOSITOL See POLYOLS
• INSTRUMENT CALIBRATION = 2240
• INSTRUMENT INTERFACING See COMPUTER-INSTRUMENT INTERFACING
• INTEGRATED-PATH REMOTE SENSING See REMOTE GAS SENSING, integrated-path remote sensing
• INTERLABORATORY STUDIES See COLLABORATIVE TRIALS - USES IN METHOD DEVELOPMENT
• IODINE = 2252
• IODOCOMPOUNDS See FUNCTIONAL GROUP ANALYSIS, halocompounds ; HALOCOMPOUNDS
• ION CHROMATOGRAPHY = 2261
• ION EXCHANGE
• Theory
• Overview = 2267
• Techniques
• Resin-based exchangers = 2273
• Cellulose-based exchangers = 2278
• Inorganic ion exchangers = 2281
• Ion exchange papers and thin layers = 2290
• Liquid ion exchangers = 2294
• Chelation techniques = 2298
• Isotope separations = 2307
• ION-PAIR SEPARATIONS See LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY, ion-pair separations
• ION TRAPS See MASS SPECTROMETRY, ion traps
• ION-SELECTIVE ELECTRODES
• Theory and Instrumentation
• Overview = 2315
• Electrode Types
• Glass electrodes = 2321
• Solid-state electrodes = 2324
• Liquid electrodes = 2330
• Applications
• Clinical analysis = 2341
• Environmental analysis(gases) = 2353
• Water analysis = 2358
• Food analysis = 2362
• IRIDIUM = 2365
• IRON = 2369
• IRON AND HAEMOGLOBINS - DETERMINATION IN BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES = 2382
• ISOCYANATES = 2389
• ISOTACHOPHORESIS See ELECTROPHORESIS, isotachophoresis
• ISOTOPE DILUTION ANALYSIS = 2399
• ISOTOPE RATIOS = 2409
• ISOTOPE SEPARATIONS See ION EXCHANGE, isotope separations
• ISOTOPE STUDIES See DRUG METABOLISM, isotope studies and metabolite profiling
• KETONES See FUNCTIONAL GROUP ANALYSIS, carbonyl compounds
• KINETIC METHODS
• Principles and instrumentation = 2416
• Noncatalytic techniques = 2424
• Catalytic techniques = 2437
• LABORATORY ACCREDITATION = 2450
• LABORATORY AUTOMATION
• Overview = 2456
• Conventional instrumentation = 2460
• LABORATORY DESIGN = 2469
• LABORATORY EQUIPMENT = 2475
• LABORATORY INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS = 2481
• LABORATORY SAFETY = 2489
• LANTHANOIDS = 2494
• LASER MICROPROBE MASS SPECTROMETRY See MASS SPECTROMETRY, laser microprobe mass spectrometry
• LASER-BASED TECHNIQUES = 2498
• LEAD
• Elemental determination = 2506
• Compound determination = 2512
• LIDAR See REMOTE GAS SENSING
• LINEAR SWEEP VOLTAMMETRY See VOLTAMMETRY, linear sweep and cyclic voltammetry
• LIPIDS
• Overview = 2518
• Fatty acids = 2522
• Polar lipids = 2530
• Determination in biological fluids = 2536
• [Volume. 5]----------
• CONTENTS
• Editors = ⅴ
• Editorial Board = ⅴ
• Advisory Board = ⅵ
• Guide to Use = ⅸ
• The colour plate section appears between pages 3030 and 3031
• LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
• Theory and Instrumentation
• Overview = 2547
• Instrumentation = 2551
• Techniques
• Column types = 2558
• Normal and reversed-phases = 2567
• Mobile phase selection = 2579
• Detectors = 2584
• Column switching techniques = 2595
• Microbore and capillary chromatography = 2607
• Affinity techniques = 2614
• Size exclusion = 2620
• Ion pair separations = 2627
• Chiral separations = 2633
• Isotope separations = 2641
• Pre- and postcolumn derivatization = 2649
• Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry = 2654
• Applications
• Analysis based on metal complexation = 2662
• Biotechnology = 2668
• Clinical analysis = 2677
• Food analysis = 2685
• Forensic science = 2693
• Pharmaceutical industry = 2702
• Polymer analysis = 2711
• Analytical toxicology = 2717
• LIQUID CRYSTALS See MICROSCOPY, liquid crystals
• LIQUID ELECTRODES See ION-SELECTIVE ELECTRODES, liquid electrodes
• LIQUID ION EXCHANGERS See ION EXCHANGE, liquid ion exchangers
• LITHIUM = 2727
• LUMINESCENCE
• Overview = 2733
• Solid phase = 2749
• MAGNESIUM = 2757
• MAGNETIC PROPERTIES = 2765
• MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING See NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY, magnetic resonance imaging
• MANGANESE = 2780
• MASS SPECTROMETRY
• Theory and Instrumentation
• Principles and basic theory of organic mass spectrometry = 2787
• Basic instrumentation = 2796
• Techniques
• Ionization methods = 2803
• Atmospheric pressure ionization techniques = 2811
• Fragmentation in mass spectrometry = 2822
• Selected ion monitoring = 2826
• Ion traps = 2832
• Atomic mass spectrometry = 2839
• Fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry = 2845
• Fourier transform mass spectrometry = 2851
• Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry = 2861
• Stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry = 2869
• Spark source mass spectrometry = 2877
• Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry = 2885
• Glow-discharge mass spectrometry = 2893
• Laser microprobe mass spectrometry = 2903
• Secondary ion mass spectrometry = 2916
• Time-of-flight mass spectrometry = 2923
• Tandem mass spectrometry = 2932
• Applications
• Archaeological applications = 2939
• Determination of biogenic amines = 2945
• Clinical analysis = 2960
• Pyrolysis = 2970
• Environmental organic analysis = 2975
• Food analysis = 2983
• Forensic science = 2989
• Gas analysis = 2996
• Peptide and protein chemistry = 3003
• Petroleum industry = 3012
• Analysis of synthetic polymers = 3022
• Analytical toxicology = 3027
• MEAT See FOOD AND NUTRITIONAL ANALYSIS, meat and meat products
• MEMBRANE TECHNIQUES
• Dialysis and reverse osmosis = 3035
• Ultrafiltration = 3045
• MERCAPTIDES See FUNCTIONAL GROUP ANALYSIS, thiols
• MERCURY
• Inorganic (and total) determination = 3050
• Determination of organic compounds = 3059
• METALS - ANALYSIS IN BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES = 3070
• MICROBIAL TOXINS = 3078
• MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS
• Overview = 3083
• Vitamin and antibiotic analysis = 3090
• MICROBORE CHROMATOGRAPHY See LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY, microbore and capillary chromatography
• MICROELECTRODES See POTENTIOMETRY, microelectrodes
• MICROORGANISM-BASED SENSORS See SENSORS, microorganism-based sensors
• MICROSCALE ANALYSIS = 3101
• MICROSCOPY
• Theory and Instrumentation
• Overview = 3106
• Techniques
• Light microscopy = 3115
• Confocal laser microscopy = 3120
• Specimen preparation for light microscopy = 3127
• Fluorescence microscopy = 3134
• Electron microscopy = 3142
• Scanning electron microscopy = 3151
• Transmission electron microscopy = 3160
• Specimen preparation for electron microscopy = 3166
• Fourier transform infrared microscopy = 3174
• Raman microscopy = 3182
• Microspectrophotometry = 3189
• Scanning tunnelling microscopy = 3196
• Applications
• Biomedical analysis = 3204
• Food analysis = 3210
• Forensic science = 3218
• Environmental applications = 3222
• Minerals and crystals = 3228
• Catalysts = 3238
• Liquid crystals = 3244
• Semiconductor technology = 3253
• Proteins and nucleic acids = 3261
• [Volume. 6]----------
• CONTENTS
• Editors = ⅴ
• Editorial Board = ⅴ
• Advisory Board = ⅵ
• Guide to Use = ⅸ
• The colour plate section appears between pages 3706 and 3707
• MICROWAVE DIGESTION See SAMPLE DISSOLUTION FOR ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS, microwave digestion
• MICROWAVE-INDUCED PLASMA See ATOMIC EMISSION SPECTROMETRY, microwave-induced plasma
• MICROWAVE SPECTROSCOPY - INSTRUMENTS AND APPLICATIONS = 3271
• MOLECULAR EMISSION CAVITY ANALYSIS = 3280
• MOLYBDENUM = 3286
• MONOCHROMATOR See OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY, wavelength selection devices
• MOULDS See MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS, overview
• MULTIDIMENSIONAL CHROMATOGRAPHY See GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY, column switching techniques; LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY, column switching techniques
• NEUROGENIC AMINES = 3295
• NEUROPHARMACOLOGICAL ANALYSIS See DRUG METABOLISM
• NICKEL = 3304
• NIOBIUM = 3312
• NITROGEN
• Elemental determination = 3319
• Inorganic compound determination = 3325
• Oxides of nitrogen = 3332
• Organic compounds = 3337
• NITROSAMINES = 3347
• NOBLE GASES = 3353
• NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY
• Theory and Instrumentation
• Principles = 3358
• Instrumentation = 3382
• Techniques
• Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy = 3389
• Advanced techniques in carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance = 3399
• Fluorine nuclear magnetic resonance = 3408
• In vivo nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy using localization techniques = 3417
• Low-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance = 3426
• Magnetic resonance imaging = 3433
• Multinuclear magnetic resonance = 3440
• Nitrogen-15 nuclear magnetic resonance = 3449
• Nuclear Overhauser effect = 3455
• Phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance = 3462
• Proton nuclear magnetic resonance = 3470
• Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance = 3477
• Surface coil nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy = 3485
• Three-dimensional proton nuclear magnetic resonance = 3494
• Tritium nuclear magnetic resonance = 3503
• Two-dimensional proton nuclear magnetic resonance = 3507
• Applications
• Biological fluids = 3518
• Clinical biofluids = 3532
• Enantiomeric purity = 3544
• Food analysis = 3553
• Forensic analysis = 3563
• Multidimensional multinuclear high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance of biomolecules = 3568
• Organometallics = 3578
• Pharmaceutical industry = 3590
• NUCLEIC ACIDS
• Electrochemical and immunochemical methods = 3600
• Chromatographic and electrophoretic methods = 3609
• Spectroscopic methods = 3615
• OCCULT BLOOD AND OTHER FAECAL ANALYTES = 3623
• OCEANOGRAPHY See WATER ANALYSIS, seawater
• OPTICAL ROTATORY DISPERSION See CHIROPTICAL ANALYSIS, optical rotatory dispersion
• OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY
• Radiation sources = 3627
• Wavelength selection devices = 3631
• Detection devices = 3638
• Stray light = 3643
• Spectroscopic materials = 3647
• OPTIMIZATION AND EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN = 3651
• OSMIUM = 3662
• OSMOMETRY See MEMBRANE TECHNIQUES, dialysis and reverse osmosis
• OXYGEN
• Elemental determination = 3668
• Inorganic compound determination = 3675
• OXYGEN RADICAL ACTIVITY - DETECTION AND MEASUREMENT IN VIVO = 3679
• OZONE = 3689
• PACKAGING MATERIALS = 3698
• PAGE See ELECTROPHORESIS, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
• PAINTINGS = 3707
• PAINTS
• Water-based products = 3715
• Organic solvent-based products = 3722
• PALLADIUM = 3730
• PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY = 3734
• PAPER PULP PRODUCTION - APPLICATIONS OF CAPILLARY ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS = 3742
• PARTICLE SIZE ANALYSIS
• Scattering techniques = 3746
• Mechanical techniques = 3751
• PEPTIDES = 3763
• PERSONAL MONITORING
• Active = 3770
• Passive = 3776
• PESTICIDES - DETERMINATION OF RESIDUES = 3782
• pH = 3792
• PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS
• Overview = 3798
• Drug purity determination = 3808
• PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOUNDS
• Acidic drugs = 3813
• Basic drugs = 3823
• Sample types and preparation = 3829
• Analysis for drugs in biological fluids = 3837
• Amphetamines = 3847
• Cocaine = 3853
• Heroin = 3861
• Chiroptical analysis = 3866
• [Volume. 7]----------
• CONTENTS
• Editors = ⅴ
• Editorial Board = ⅴ
• Advisory Board = ⅵ
• Guide to Use = ⅸ
• The colour plate section appears between pages 4342 and 4343
• PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY - MASS SPECTROMETRY = 3875
• PHARMACEUTICAL PLANT EXTRACTS = 3882
• PHARMACOKINETICS
• Absorption and distribution = 3893
• Drug elimination = 3906
• Pharmacodynamics and population pharmokinetics = 3917
• PHENOLS = 3928
• PHOSPHORESCENCE
• Overview = 3936
• Room-temperature phosphorescence = 3942
• Elemental determination = 3950
• Inorganic compound determination = 3956
• Organic compound determination = 3966
• PHOTOACOUSTIC SPECTROSCOPY = 3971
• PHOTOMETRY See ULTRAVIOLET-VISIBLE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY
• PHOTOMULTIPLIER TUBE See OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY, detection devices
• PHOTON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS See ACTIVATION ANALYSIS, photon activation analysis
• PHOTOTHERMAL SPECTROSCOPY See INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY, photothermal spectroscopy
• PIEZOELECTRIC SENSORS See SENSORS, piezoelectric／acoustic transducers
• PIGMENTS AND DYESTUFFS
• Synthetic pigments = 3978
• Natural pigments = 3988
• PLASMA See BLOOD AND PLASMA
• PLASTICS = 3998
• PLATINUM = 4005
• POLARIMETRY See CHIROPTICAL ANALYSIS, polarimetry
• POLAROGRAPHY
• Overview = 4011
• Techniques = 4016
• Inorganic applications = 4020
• Organic applications = 4027
• POLYACRYLAMIDE GEL ELECTROPHORESIS See ELECTROPHORESIS, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
• POLYCHLOROBIPHENYLS = 4035
• POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
• Overview = 4044
• Environmental applications = 4051
• POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION = 4059
• POLYMERS
• Overview and chemical tests = 4065
• Natural rubber = 4070
• Inorganic polymers = 4076
• Analysis of synthetic polymers by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy = 4083
• POLYOLS = 4091
• POLYSACCHARIDE GELS See ELECTROPHORESIS, polysaccharide gels
• POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM AND CAESIUM = 4101
• POTENTIOMETRY
• Titrations = 4106
• Enzyme electrodes = 4112
• Gas-sensing probes = 4118
• Microelectrodes = 4124
• PRECIPITATION See GRAVIMETRY
• PRESERVATIVES = 4131
• PROCESS ANALYSIS
• Overview = 4141
• Chromatography = 4146
• Electrochemistry = 4152
• Spectroscopy = 4158
• Maintenance and training = 4164
• PROTEIN STRUCTURE DETERMINATION See NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY, multidimensional multinuclear high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance of biomolecules ; PROTEINS, sequence determination; PROTEINS, sequencing by mass spectrometry
• PROTEINS
• Overview = 4172
• Determination in physiological samples = 4183
• Determination in foods = 4199
• Amino acid composition = 4206
• Sequence determination = 4215
• Sequencing by mass spectrometry = 4220
• PURINES, PYRIMIDINES AND NUCLEOTIDES = 4226
• PRIDOXINE See VITAMINS, water-soluble vitamins
• PYROLYSIS See GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY, pyrolysis gas chromatography ; MASS SPECTROMETRY, pyrolysis ; THERMAL ANALYSIS, overview
• QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS = 4236
• QUALITY ASSURANCE
• Industrial analysis = 4240
• Clinical analysis = 4250
• Water industry = 4261
• QUALITY CONTROL = 4281
• QUANTITIATIVE ANALYSIS = 4292
• RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL = 4297
• RADIOACTIVITY See ACTIVATION ANALYSIS, neutron activation analysis, RADON; RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL ; RADIOCHEMICAL METHODS, natural and artificial radioactivity : RADIONUCLIDE MONITORING
• RADIOCHEMICAL METHODS
• Natural and artificial radioactivity = 4305
• Radiotracers = 4309
• Radio-reagent methods = 4317
• Food and environmental analysis = 4323
• Analysis of radiopharmaceuticals = 4328
• Radioreceptor assays = 4336
• RADIOIMMUNOASSAYS = 4343
• RADIONUCLIDE MONITORING = 4348
• RADIOTRACERS See RADIOCHEMICAL METHODS, radiotracers
• RADON = 4359
• RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY
• Overview = 4369
• Instrumentation = 4387
• Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy = 4399
• Near-infrared Raman spectroscopy = 4411
• Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy = 4419
• REDOX INDICATORS See INDICATORS, redox
• REFERENCE MATRIALS
• Definition and use = 4430
• Production and requirements = 4433
• REFRACTOMETRY AND REFLECTOMETRY = 4436
• REMOTE GAS SENSING
• Overview = 4445
• Integrated-path remote gas sensing = 4453
• Range-resolved remote gas sensing = 4459
• RESONANCE LASER IONIZATION See SURFACE ANALYSIS, surface analysis by laser ionization
• RETINOL See VITAMINS, fat-soluble vitamins
• RHODIUM = 4461
• RIBOFLAVIN See VITAMINS, water-soluble vitamins
• ROBOTICS = 4464
• ROCK AND MINERAL ANALYSIS = 4470
• RUBBER See POLYMERS, natural rubber
• RUBIDIUM See POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM AND CAESIUM
• RUTHENIUM = 4481
• [Volume. 8]----------
• CONTENTS
• Editors = ⅴ
• Editorial Board = ⅴ
• Advisory Board = ⅵ
• Guide to Use = ⅸ
• The colour plate section appears between pages 4764 and 4765
• SAMPLE DISSOLUTION FOR ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS
• Dry ashing = 4489
• Oxygen flask combustion = 4495
• Wet digestion = 4503
• Microwave digestion = 4510
• SAMPLING
• Overview and theory = 4518
• Practice = 4525
• Sample preservation = 4533
• SAPONINS = 4540
• SARCOSINE, CREATINE AND CREATININE = 4544
• SATURATION SPECTROSCOPY See LASER-BASED TECHNIQUES
• SCANDIUM = 4551
• SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY See MICROSCOPY, scanning electron microscopy ; SURFACE ANALYSIS, scanning electron microscopy
• SCINTILLATION COUNTING See RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL; RADIOCHEMICAL METHODS, natural and artificial radioactivity
• SEALANTS See ADHESIVES AND SEALANTS
• SECONDARY ION MASS SPECTROMETRY See MASS SPECTROMETRY, secondary ion mass spectrometry; SURFACE ANALYSIS, secondary ion mass spectrometry of polymers
• SEDIMENT ANALYSIS = 4556
• SEGMENTED FLOW ANALYSIS = 4561
• SELECTED ION MONITORING See MASS SPECTROMETRY, selected ion monitoring
• SELENIUM
• Elemental determination = 4567
• Compound determination = 4576
• SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGY See MICROSCOPY, semiconductor technology
• SENSORS
• Overview = 4584
• Amperometric sensors(oxygen) = 4592
• Calorimetric／enthalpimetric sensors = 4597
• Luminescence sensors = 4605
• Microorganism -based sensors = 4614
• Modified electrodes = 4621
• Photometric sensors = 4627
• Piezoelectric／acoustic transducers = 4633
• Tissue-based electrodes = 4640
• SENSORY EVALUATION - FLAVOURS, PERFUMES AND ODOURS = 4644
• SERUM See BLOOD AND PLASMA
• SEWAGE See EFFLUENT ANALYSIS, sewage treatment works
• SIGNAL PROCESSING
• Theory and principles = 4651
• Spectral deconvolution and filtering = 4657
• SILICON = 4664
• SILVER
• Elemental determination = 4671
• Compound determination = 4676
• SIMS See MASS SPECTROMETRY, secondary ion mass spectrometry; SURFACE ANALYSIS, secondary ion mass spectrometry of polymers
• SODIUM = 4680
• SOIL ANALYSIS
• Major inorganic components = 4684
• Minor components = 4689
• SOLID-STATE ELECTRODES See ION-SELECTIVE ELECTRODES, solid-state electrodes
• SOLVENT EXTRACTION
• Principles and practices = 4697
• Multistage countercurrent distribution = 4709
• Helical coil = 4716
• Supercritical fluid extraction = 4724
• SOLVENTS - PURIFICATION AND RECOVERY = 4730
• SPECIATION See ELEMENTAL SPECIATION and individual elements
• SPECTROELECTROCHEMISTRY = 4735
• SPECTROPHOTOMETRY See ULTRAVIOLET-VISIBLE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY
• SPECTROSCOPY See CHEMILUMINESCENCE ; ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY ; FLUORESCENCE; INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY ; LUMINESCENCE ; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY ; OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY ; RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY
• SPOT TEST ANALYSIS - INORGANIC IONS = 4742
• SPOT TESTS
• Organic compounds = 4748
• Applications = 4755
• STANDARD METHODS = 4761
• STANDARD REFERENCE MATERIALS See REFERENCE MATERIALS
• STANDARDS
• Primary standards = 4767
• Spectroscopic standards = 4779
• Internal standards = 4785
• STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES IN ANALYSIS = 4792
• STEEL See FERROUS METALS
• STERILANTS See BLEACHES AND STERILANTS
• STEROLS AND STEROIDS = 4800
• STRONTIUM = 4812
• SUBLIMATION = 4819
• SUGAR See CARBOHYDRATES, overview
• SUGAR ALCOHOLS See POLYOLS
• SULPHUR
• Elemental determination = 4824
• Inorganic compound determination = 4830
• Oxides of sulphur = 4834
• Organic compound determination = 4838
• SUPERCRITICAL FLUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
• Principles and techniques = 4849
• Instrumentation = 4856
• Columns and phases = 4863
• Selected applications = 4869
• SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION See SOLVENT EXTRACTION, supercritical fluid extraction
• SURFACE ANALYSIS
• Overview = 4880
• Angular resolved and imaging X-ray photoelectron spectrometry = 4884
• Appearance potential spectroscopy = 4893
• Atomic force microscopy = 4899
• Auger electron spectroscopy = 4907
• Desorption techniques = 4913
• Glancing angle X-ray diffraction = 4922
• Infrared spectroscopy = 4930
• Ion scattering = 4939
• Nuclear reaction analysis and elastic recoil detection = 4948
• Optical spectroscopy = 4958
• Particle-induced X-ray emission = 4965
• Rutherford backscattering spectrometry = 4973
• Scanning Auger microscopy = 4983
• Scanning electron microscopy = 4990
• Scanning tunnelling microscopy = 4996
• Secondary ion mass spectrometry of polymers = 5004
• Secondary neutral mass spectrometry = 5014
• Surface analysis by laser ionization = 5027
• X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy = 5036
• X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy = 5047
• Low-energy electron diffraction = 5058
• Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy = 5066
• SURFACTANTS AND DETERGENTS = 5076
• [Volume. 9]----------
• CONTENTS
• Editors = ⅴ
• Editorial Board = ⅴ
• Advisory Board = ⅵ
• Guide to Use = ⅸ
• The colour plate section appears between pages 5296 and 5297
• SWEETENERS
• High-intensity sweeteners = 5085
• Bulk sweeteners = 5090
• TANTALUM = 5097
• TECHNETIUM = 5105
• TELLURIUM = 5111
• TEXTILES
• Natural materials = 5116
• Synthetic materials = 5122
• THALLIUM = 5132
• THERMAL ANALYSIS
• Overview = 5136
• Thermogravimetry and evolved gas detection = 5141
• Differential thermal analysis = 5148
• Differential scanning calorimetry = 5155
• Thermomechanical methods = 5160
• THERMAL LENSING SPECTROMETRY = 5167
• THIAMIN See VITAMINS, water-soluble vitamins
• THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY
• Theory and Instrumentation
• Overview = 5174
• Techniques
• Visualization = 5182
• Densitometry = 5194
• High-performance thin-layer chromatography = 5203
• Applications
• Environmental analysis = 5212
• Forensic science = 5217
• THIOLS See FUNCTIONAL GROUP ANALYSIS, thiols
• TIN
• Elemental determination = 5222
• Compound determination = 5228
• TITANIUM = 5236
• TITRIMETRIC ANALYSIS = 5240
• TOCOPHEROL See VITAMINS, fat-soluble vitamins
• TOILETRIES See COSMETICS AND TOILETRIES, toiletries
• TOXICOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
• Overview = 5249
• Sample types and preservation = 5250
• Volatile substances in forensic science = 5257
• Carbon monoxide and cyanide from fire and accident = 5268
• TRAINING OF ANALYSTS = 5274
• TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY See MICROSCOPY, transmission electron microscopy
• TUNGSTEN = 5281
• TUNNELLING MICROSCOPY See SURFACE ANALYSIS, scanning tunnelling microscopy
• TURBIDIMETRY AND NEPHELOMETRY = 5289
• ULTRAFILTRATION See MEMBRANE TECHNIQUES, ultrafiltration
• ULTRAVIOLET-VISIBLE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY
• Theory and Instrumentation
• Overview = 5297
• General instrumentation = 5300
• Techniques
• Diode-array spectroscopy = 5310
• Derivative spectroscopy = 5315
• Dry reagent systems = 5321
• Inorganic compound determination = 5326
• Organic compound determination = 5332
• Photometric titrations = 5336
• Applications
• Biochemical analysis = 5339
• Pharmaceutical analysis = 5344
• Molecular biology, clinical and toxicological analysis = 5348
• UNIVARIATE TECHNIQUES See CHEMOMETRICS, univariate techniques
• URANIUM = 5354
• VANADIUM = 5363
• VAPOUR GENERATION ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY See ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY, vapour generation atomic absorption spectrometry
• VITAMINS
• Overview = 5371
• Fat-soluble vitamins = 5382
• Water-soluble vitamins = 5393
• VOLATILES - HEADSPACE ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES = 5401
• VOLTAMMETRY
• Overview = 5407
• Linear sweep and cyclic voltammetry = 5413
• Stripping voitammetry = 5422
• Organic compound determination = 5425
• Inorganic compound determination = 5434
• VOLUMETRIC GAS MEASUREMENTS = 5441
• WATER ANALYSIS
• Overview
• Overview = 5446
• Sources of Water
• Potable water = 5461
• Seawater - organic compounds = 5473
• Seawater - inorganic compounds = 5482
• Freshwater = 5487
• Types of Analyte
• Metal speciation = 5495
• Microbiological analysis = 5502
• Oil pollution = 5509
• Organic compound determination = 5516
• Biochemical oxygen demand = 5526
• Chemical oxygen demand = 5533
• Particle characterization = 5539
• WATER DETERMINATION
• Physical methods = 5547
• Chemical methods = 5554
• WAVELENGTH SELECTION DEVICES See OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY, wavelength selection devices ; ULTRAVIOLET-VISIBLE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY ; general instrumentation
• WOOD See BUILDING MATERIALS
• X-RAY TECHNIQUES
• Overview = 5560
• X-ray absorption - basic methods = 5574
• X-ray diffraction - powder methods = 5585
• X-ray diffraction - single crystal methods = 5593
• X-ray fluorescence - basic theory = 5601
• Wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence = 5611
• Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence = 5622
• Total reflection X-ray fluorescence = 5633
• X-ray emission - particle-induced X-ray emission = 5641
• XANTHONES = 5651
• ZEOLITES See ION EXCHANGE, inorganic ion exchangers
• ZINC = 5656
• ZIRCONIUM AND HAFNIUM = 5663
• ZONE REFINING = 5668
• [Volume. 10]----------
• CONTENTS
• Editors = ⅴ
• Editorial Board = ⅴ
• Advisory Board = ⅵ
• Preface = xi
• Acknowledgements = xii
• Introduction = xiii
• Guide to Use = xv
• Errata = 5675
• Contributors = 5677
• Referees = 5725
• Appendices = 5745
• Index = 5789