『Der Prozess』를 통해 본 Kafka의 Nietzsche 수용 : 허무주의 사상을 중심으로 = Kafka's acceptance of Nietzsche on 『Der Prozess』 : focusing on Nihilistic thought

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

As for Kafka, the literature was in itself a life and a process of identifying himself. He wrote the literary work under cultural and political skepticism from correlating the situation of the times with his thought, and it was based on Nietzsche's nihilistic thought.
Kafka's way of writings that was under the motto "Uncertainty", showed that he accepted the Nietzsche's nihilistic thought or "Nihility". His work 『Der Prozess』 especially, reflected the specificity of nihilism, and the Kafka excluded the story background of what the hero Josef K's charge and whom controlled the judgement, and tried to tell the hero's constant identifying oneself in the metaphysical frame of law. Consequently, it referred the awaking the consciousness of human being in the current nihilism,
This study is to examine the correlation between social reality of modern Europe and the advent of Nietzsche's nihilistic thought, and to identify the
Kafka's acceptance of the thought and how it's reflected towards focusing on his work 『Der Prozess』.
And it translated the meaning of human sin appeared in fundamental notion of nihilism that is severance between god and human and nihilistic propensity of current religion, and understood the pursuit of Kafka's existence in the reality of vanity.
In the era of current capitalized society and material civilization where we are, their works called forth a response in modern's heart, whereas they were the individuals that felt the sense of alienation, and expressed it by their works.
They were not obviously pessimist who take a gloomy view of life, but a thinker who were pursuit the positive life, who emphasized the essential self-consciousness to overcome the nihilistic reality. Understanding their thought is considered as the one who try to find oneself constantly and one who do not release one's consciousness in hard world. It can be said that their positive thought towards life will be essential thought for us.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• ABSTRACT
• 목차
• Ⅰ. 서론 = 1
• Ⅱ. 19세기 유럽과 니체의 허무주의 = 3
• Ⅲ. 니체의 허무주의와 카프카의 실존주의적 수용 = 7
• 1. 니체의 허무주의 = 7
• 2. 카프카의 허무주의 = 17
• Ⅳ. 『심판』에 있어서 허무주의 과정 = 20
• 1. 종교적 허무주의 성향 = 20
• 1.1. 신의 죽음 = 20
• 1.2. 삶을 지배하는 필연적인 죄의식 = 23
• 2. 실존주의에서 허무주의 수용 = 27
• 2.1. 현실자체의 무의미성 = 27
• 2.2. 현실과 자아의 단절 = 31
• Ⅴ. 결론 = 34
• 참고문헌 = 36