남북한간 교류와 통일을 앞당기는 첩경이자 가교로서 상호 자유로운 왕래와 관광교류가 필요하다고 보며 이를 실현하기 위하여 북한의 긍정적 환경변화를 전제로 북한 지역의 관광자원 공...

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https://www.riss.kr/link?id=T7887462
수원 : 경기대학교 관광대학원, 2000
학위논문(석사) -- 경기대학교 관광대학원 , 관광경영전공 , 2000. 8
2000
한국어
326.39 판사항(4)
647.970951 판사항(16)
경기도
vii, 99 p. : 삽도 ; 26cm.
0
상세조회0
다운로드남북한간 교류와 통일을 앞당기는 첩경이자 가교로서 상호 자유로운 왕래와 관광교류가 필요하다고 보며 이를 실현하기 위하여 북한의 긍정적 환경변화를 전제로 북한 지역의 관광자원 공...
남북한간 교류와 통일을 앞당기는 첩경이자 가교로서 상호 자유로운 왕래와 관광교류가 필요하다고 보며 이를 실현하기 위하여 북한의 긍정적 환경변화를 전제로 북한 지역의 관광자원 공개, 관광객의 자유로운 여행보장, 관광개발 협력, 공동관광시장 개척, 전문분야에 대한 기술적 지원이 이루어질 수 있다.
따라서, 본 연구에서는 북한의 관광개방이 곧 우리 나라 관광산업 발전에 크게 기여할 수 있다는 확신성에 바탕을 두어 상호협력 방안과 지원방안으로써 현실적으로 비교적 실현 가능한 대안을 제시하는데 주안을 두었다.
그리고 한반도 주위의 급변하는 국제환경을 비롯하여 북한의 자연환경, 수용태세, 정책분석을 통하여 북한의 관광부문의 당면문제를 파악해 보고, 나아가서 남북한간 상호 보안 관계를 유지하면서 긴밀한 협력을 확대해 간다면 한반도가 세계적인 관광지로 각광 받을 수 있다는 잠재성을 객관적으로 평가하고자 한다.
본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다.
첫째, 관광상품의 매력극대화로써 남북한 관광상품의 공동개발은 그 대상이나 소재의 선정에 있어서 관광객의 최대 만족을 도모하기 위하여 관광매력성의 극대화에 역점을 둔다.
둘째, 남북한 관광자원의 상호보완적 결합으로 남북한 관광상품의 공동개발은 북한의 자연자원과 남측의 노하우를 최적의 형태로 결합시킴으로써 개별자원요소의 가치를 향상시킨다.
셋째, 관광상품 개발방향은 관광상품의 계절별, 입지별, 주제별 특화상품 개발, 한반도 관광이미지 제고상품의 개발, 국제적 관광패키지 상품의 개발, 비무장지대 및 관광특구의 공동개발 등이 있다.
넷째, 관광홍보 협력방안으로 대외선진 협력체계의 구축, 홍보선전수단의 다양화, 표적시장별 홍보전략의 차별화, 한반도의 상징적 이미지 홍보이다.
다섯째, 남북한 관광상품 가격수립 방안으로 국제경쟁력 유지(강화), 상황적 탄력성, 기존 관광상품 가격의 인하, 표적시장별 가격차별화 상품개발, 관광가격 고시제도 도입, 대금결제 방법의 다양화 등이 있다.
여섯째, 북한관광상품 판매전략은 북한상품판매 여행사의 확대, 신속한 관광정보 전달체계 구비, 자유로운 상품개발 기회 보장, 다양한 국제관광상품 개발, 부정적 이미지 탈피를 위한 대중 홍보 강화, 북한관광자원의 상호 보완적 결합을 통한 상품 판매, 관광관련 국제회의·전시박람회의 유치 및 적극적 참여, 홍보선전수단의 다양화, 표적시장별 홍보전략의 차별화, 첨단 예약시스템의 도입, 합리적인 여행가격 설정 및 탄력적 적용 등이 있다.
다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)
North Korea will be embarrassed by a great deal of positive and negative tourism impacts as a result of reunification. The country appears to have no experience in terms of dealing with a large number of foreign visitors that it will most likely recei...
North Korea will be embarrassed by a great deal of positive and negative tourism impacts as a result of reunification. The country appears to have no experience in terms of dealing with a large number of foreign visitors that it will most likely receive once the unification take place. Not surprisingly, it has no meaningful tourism industry but very limited accommodations and attractions are available for the use of foreign visitors and privileged North Koreans. In other words, the North Korean tourism industry must be bulit in order to capture the benefits of international tourism. The tourism-related experiences in other countries suggest the directions that North and South Korea should take into account.
Tourism industry development is strongly influenced by political and economic changes. The Central and Eastern European countries and Germany faced the formidable and urgent problems that the sweeping political and economic reforms engendered during the transitional period right after the overthrow of the communist regimes : inferior infrastructure and tourism superstructure, polluted environment, lack of tourism-related legislation and regulation suitable to a free market economy, higher unemployment and inflation. Those problems have become impediments to the further expansion of international tourism and have led to the reduction in domestic tourism for most of the population.
This phenomenon can be applied to the post-communism North Korea region which will undertake similar political and economic reforms. Hence, in order to facilitate international tourism and provide recreational opportunities for North Koreans, those problems mentioned above should be addressed whem considering tourism development in post-communism North Korea.
Nonetheless, the swift privatization, improved transportation and telecommunication infrastructure will stimulate investment in tourism superstructure, which will lead to the expansion of tourism in North Korea. The economic, social and environmental benefits from tourism will spread to North Koreans and this will contribute to the improvement of their quality of life. The improved quality of life will lessen the expected intensity of young people for southward migration.
Reunification will provide an opportunity for the expansion of tourism in the North Korea region because, including many South Koreans and overseas Koreans, foreign arrivals to North Korea will rapidly increase after reunification. As shown in the developing countries, the positive and negative impacts of tourism will take place in the North Korean region as a result of tourism expansion. If tourism development in North Korea is poorly planned and managed, the negative impacts of mass tourism will prevail in the region.
But, if tourism is planned and controlled in the context of local participation and protection of social and natural environment, the region can maximize the economic benefits of tourism, while minimizing the socio-cultural and environmental costs of tourism. Moreover, North Koreans will benefit especially from one of the positive impacts of tourism, cultural interaction. Since the division of the Korean Peninsula, most North Koreans have been forced to live isolated under the single ideology of communism without meaningful physical or informational contact with South Korea and the outside world. Particularly, the cross-cultural exchage with South Koreas will help revive their forgotten tradition and history and reduce the cultural gap between the two populations.
Since tourism infrastructure and superstructure in the North region is not ready to accept the huge influx of foreign visitors, controlled tourism growth is essential for the long-term success of tourism in the region. Besides, the well-managed tourism growth will help reduce the economic and social discrepancies beween South and North Korea.
In the early stage of Korean unification, the regulation of visitor flow should be considered. Rapid German unification caused the negative economic and social results to East Germany : rampant unemployment, economic decline, unfavorable investment conditions(many property claims, inadequate infrastructure, sudden wage increase and confusion about new rules), migration of young people to West Germany, increase of crime and drug use, attacks against foreigners and feelings of inferiority.
North Korea will face economic, social and environmental challenges to be expected similar to German unification. The most important of economic challenges will be unemployment and inflation stemming from economic restructuring through privatization. A southward migration is expected due to the pursuit of jobs and better life. Social conflicts resulting from unfamiliar law and market systems will occur and environmental problems will surface.
Therefore, the explosive increase of foregin tourist can further worsen the initial adverse unification impacts on North Korea with negative effects of tourism which were indentified in the similar countries as a result of international tourism : demonstration effect, growth of resentment and antagonism, increase of undesirable activities(crime, prostitution, alcohol, gambling), environmental degradation, inflationary pressure(food and land) and so forth.
Well-planned tourism may complement and fit with the development process of North Korea. And tourism can help speed up the economic and culture integration process by contributing to reducing the economic and social discrepancies between the two countries. The specific development directions for North Korean Tourism need further study.
목차 (Table of Contents)