한국에 있어서의 국가성격에 관한 연구 : 1960~70년대를 중심으로

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this research is to analyze the character of state in Korea in 1960-70.

It has been the mainstream to adapt the framework of theory in neo-marxism and the third world theory in analyzing the state in Korea.

But we must not overlook the variables of political culture, power elite and the specific condition of division of Korea.

We paid attention to the fact that the intervention and control of state was increased in pursuit of industrialization, and regarded it as the state initiative industrialization.

To analyze the character of state in Korea, four variables are used on this paper. That is to say, the division of Korea, political culture, power elite and industrialization.

Under the relation of these variables, the state in Korea is characterized as praetorianism state and neo-mercantilism state.

World-system, dependent development, overdeveloped country, bureaucratic authoritarianism were looked about as existing discussion dealing with the third world state problem. It was pointed out that the problems in adapting them into the state in Korea were the possibilites of errors in class analysis owing to he weakness of differentiation and the absence of bourgeois hegemony class.

Economic development and political authoritarianism appeared so simultaneous that causal relationship model to regard economic development as the cause of political authoritarianism was ex-cluded.

Economic-determinism and political voluntarism were accomo-dated at the same time to avoid the determinism in this paper.

The state in Korea was to compensate for the problem of legitimacy with the economic development. By the way matured civic society resulted from economic development increased the political consciousness. To the contrary, this fact incerased the problem of legitimacy still more.

Therefore, in contrast to the O'Donell's model that economic development results in political authoritarianism, we can dis-cover the eufunctional relation in the relation between economic development and democratization.

In a view of long term, economic development is forming the socioeconomic foundation.

After the 1945 liberation, all the political, economic and social changes in Korea were occured by the state or through the state. So it is impossible to diagnose and prescribe the problems of Korea without understanding about the state.