The Construction and Strategy Research on Digital Transformation of Enterprise Human Resource Management in a High Government Subsidy Environment

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

With the deepening of globalization and the accelerating pace of technological innovation, improving enterprise efficiency has become a core concern across industries. Against the backdrop of the digital economy, traditional business models are facing unprecedented challenges, and the digital transformation of enterprise human resource management （HRM） has become a key pathway for adapting to environmental changes and enhancing organizational performance. This dissertation explores the relationships among government policy support, artificial intelligence （AI） technology application, human resource management innovation, human resource training investment, firm efficiency, and economic performance in a high-government-subsidy environment. By constructing an integrated theoretical framework and conducting empirical analysis based on two public archival firm-year datasets of Chinese A-share listed firms, this study examines how internal digital HRM-related capabilities and external policy-resource support jointly influence firm outcomes. The results show that HRM innovation and AI application have significant positive effects on firm efficiency. Government subsidies also have a significant positive effect on firms’ economic performance. In addition, government subsidies significantly moderate the relationship between human resource training investment and economic performance, but the moderating effect is negative, indicating that higher subsidy levels may weaken the marginal contribution of additional training investment to economic performance. Overall, this dissertation suggests that enterprise HRM digital transformation is not only a technological issue or a policy-support issue, but a process shaped by the joint effects of internal capability building and external policy-resource support. The findings provide implications for enterprises seeking to improve digital HRM transformation and for policymakers designing subsidy policies to support enterprise development.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CHAPTER 1. Introduction 1
• 1.1. Research Background 1
• 1.2 Research Problem and Research Motivation 2
• 1.3 Research Questions 3
• 1.4 Research Objectives and Significance 4
• 1.5 Research Scope and Data Structure 5
• 1.6 Organization of the Study 7
• CHAPTER 2. Literature Review 9
• 2.1 Overview of the Literature Review 9
• 2.2 Digital Transformation of Human Resource Management 10
• 2.2.1 Concept and Development of Digital HRM 10
• 2.2.2 Strategic Role of HRM in Enterprise Digital Transformation 11
• 2.2.3 Digital HRM, Employee Engagement, and Knowledge Sharing 12
• 2.3 Artificial Intelligence Application and Enterprise Management 13
• 2.3.1 AI Application in Enterprise Management 13
• 2.3.2 AI Application in Human Resource Management 14
• 2.3.3 AI Application and Corporate Effectiveness 15
• 2.4 Government Subsidies and Enterprise Innovation 16
• 2.4.1 Government Subsidies as Policy Support 16
• 2.4.2 Government Subsidies, Technology Adoption, and Innovation 17
• 2.4.3 Potential Limitations of Government Subsidies 18
• 2.5 Corporate Effectiveness and Firm Performance 19
• 2.5.1 Concept of Corporate Effectiveness 19
• 2.5.2 HRM Innovation and Corporate Effectiveness 20
• 2.5.3 Digital Transformation and Firm Performance 21
• 2.6 Research Gaps and Summary 22
• CHAPTER 3. Theoretical Framework and Hypothesis Development 24
• 3.1 Theoretical Foundations 24
• 3.1.1 Resource-Based View 24
• 3.1.2 Dynamic Capability Theory 25
• 3.1.3 Policy Incentive Theory 26
• 3.1.4 Market Failure Theory 27
• 3.1.5 Summary of Theoretical Foundations 28
• 3.2 Research Model 1: Digital HRM Capability and Firm Efficiency 29
• 3.2.1 Theoretical Logic of Research Model 1 30
• 3.2.2 HRM Innovation and Firm Efficiency 31
• 3.2.3 AI Application and Firm Efficiency 31
• 3.2.4 Digital Transformation Level and Firm Efficiency 32
• 3.2.5 Interaction between HRM Innovation and AI Application 33
• 3.2.6 Conceptual Framework of Research Model 1 33
• 3.3 Research Model 2: Government Subsidies, Training Investment, and Economic Performance 34
• 3.3.1 Theoretical Logic of Research Model 2 35
• 3.3.2 Government Subsidies and Economic Performance 36
• 3.3.3 Human Resource Training Investment and Economic Performance 37
• 3.3.4 Moderating Role of Government Subsidies 38
• 3.3.5 Conceptual Framework of Research Model 2 39
• 3.4 Hypothesis Development 40
• 3.4.1 HRM Innovation and Firm Efficiency 40
• 3.4.2 AI Application and Firm Efficiency 41
• 3.4.3 Government Subsidies and Economic Performance 42
• 3.4.4 Moderating Role of Government Subsidies 43
• 3.4.5 Summary of Research Hypotheses 44
• 3.5 Summary 45
• CHAPTER 4. Data and Methods 48
• 4.1 Research Object and Data Structure 48
• 4.1.1 Research Object, Data Sources, and Sample Structure 48
• 4.1.2 Data Sources and Replicability 50
• 4.1.3 Main Sample of A-share Manufacturing Firms 51
• 4.1.4 Government-Subsidy Mechanism Sample 52
• 4.1.5 Sample Structure Description 53
• 4.2 Variable Definitions and Measurement Methods 56
• 4.2.1 Dependent Variables 57
• 4.2.2 Independent Variables 57
• 4.2.3 Moderating and Extended-Test Variables 58
• 4.2.4 Control Variables 59
• 4.2.5 Variable Definition Table 60
• 4.3 Data Processing and Preliminary Diagnostic Procedures 62
• 4.3.1 Data Processing Procedure 63
• 4.3.2 Winsorization and Standardization 64
• 4.3.3 Construction of High-Subsidy Variable 65
• 4.3.4 Preliminary Statistical Diagnostics 66
• 4.4 Model Specification and Estimation Methods 68
• 4.4.1 Model Notation and Model Grouping 68
• 4.4.2 Firm-Level Models for the Main Sample 69
• 4.4.3 Government-Subsidy Mechanism Models 70
• 4.4.4 Estimation Method, Fixed Effects, and Robust Standard Errors 71
• 4.5 Summary 72
• CHAPTER 5. Results and Discussion 75
• 5.1 Descriptive Statistics and Sample Characteristics 75
• 5.1.1 Descriptive Statistics for the Main Sample of A-share Manufacturing Firms 75
• 5.1.2 Descriptive Statistics for the Government-Subsidy Sample 78
• 5.1.3 Sample Characteristics of Government-Subsidy Intensity 79
• 5.1.4 Differences across Firms of Different Sizes 80
• 5.2 Quality of Archival Indicators, Correlation, and Collinearity Tests 81
• 5.2.1 Quality of Archival Indicators 82
• 5.2.2 Correlation Analysis 83
• 5.2.3 Multicollinearity Test 86
• 5.3 Regression Results and Extended Empirical Tests 87
• 5.3.1 Regression Results for the Main Sample of A-share Manufacturing Firms 87
• 5.3.2 Regression Results for the Government-Subsidy Mechanism Sample 90
• 5.4 Effect Figures and Interpretation 92
• CHAPTER 6. Conclusion 95
• 6.1 Conclusion 95
• 6.1.1 Summary of the Study 96
• 6.1.2 Main Findings 97
• 6.1.3 Theoretical and Practical Implications 99
• 6.2 Limitations and Future Research Directions 102
• 6.2.1 Research Limitations 103
• 6.2.2 Future Research Directions 105
• References 109