Generative AI is reshaping how user-generated content is produced, edited, and circulated on social media platforms. Content creation is gradually moving from a user-only mode toward a collaborative mode in which users remain the main agents while AI ...
Generative AI is reshaping how user-generated content is produced, edited, and circulated on social media platforms. Content creation is gradually moving from a user-only mode toward a collaborative mode in which users remain the main agents while AI provides supportive assistance. Unlike AI-generated content (AIGC), in which AI functions as the primary content generator, AI-assisted User-Generated Content (AIUGC) refers to a user-led content production condition in which AI supports ideation, expression refinement, information organization, and visual presentation while users retain creative intention and final judgment. Focusing on this context, this study examines how AIUGC influences consumers’ online brand-related activities (COBRAs) through user experience (UX) and psychological empowerment (PE), and whether this pathway differs across stages of the brand life cycle (BLC).
Taking Xiaohongshu image–text posts as the platform context and Chinese freshly made beverage chain brands as the brand context, this study adopted a 2 × 2 between-subjects scenario experiment. The experimental conditions consisted of content production mode (AIUGC vs. UGC) and brand life cycle stage (growth stage vs. maturity stage). A total of 431 valid responses were collected. The hypotheses were tested using confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling, and Bootstrap analysis.
The results showed that, under the experimental conditions of this study, AIUGC had a modest but significant positive effect on user experience compared with UGC. This finding does not suggest that AIUGC is inherently superior to UGC or that it can replace user-generated content. Rather, it indicates that when user agency is maintained and the boundary of AI assistance is clearly disclosed, AIUGC can function as a front-end content contact condition that helps users understand, evaluate, and enter the interaction context more smoothly. User experience positively influenced psychological empowerment, and psychological empowerment, in turn, significantly promoted participation tendency in COBRAs. User experience and psychological empowerment also formed a sequential mediating pathway between AIUGC and COBRAs. These findings indicate that AIUGC does not directly or automatically lead to deeper brand-related participation. Instead, its effect is transmitted through a psychological transformation process of experience evaluation, agency perception, and participation deepening.
The results further showed that brand life cycle moderated the effect of AIUGC on user experience. The effect was stronger in the growth-stage brand condition and relatively weaker in the maturity-stage brand condition. The moderated sequential indirect effect was also supported, suggesting that the pathway from AIUGC to COBRAs through user experience and psychological empowerment differs across brand development stages. This finding indicates that AIUGC should not be understood as a universally effective content strategy, but as a conditional communication and design resource whose effect depends on brand stage, content presentation, creation disclosure, and users’ interpretation of AI assistance.
This study extends AIUGC research beyond content production efficiency by positioning AIUGC within a sequential relationship among user experience, psychological empowerment, and brand-related participation. From the perspective of visual communication design, this study interprets Xiaohongshu posts as image–text interfaces composed of visual information organization, creation disclosure cues, and interaction entry points. In this sense, AIUGC is not merely a technical tool for producing content, but a content contact condition that shapes how users understand brand information, form brand experience, perceive their own agency, and enter interaction. The findings suggest that the value of AIUGC lies not in replacing user expression, but in supporting clearer understanding, maintaining user agency, and designing differentiated social media brand communication strategies across different stages of the brand life cycle. Future research should further examine credibility, authenticity, and transparency as key variables in AIUGC-based brand communication and visual interaction design.