도시재생지역 주민협의체의 생애주기 단계별 성공요인이 지속가능성에 미치는 영향 : 내부 역량의 매개효과를 중심으로 = The Effects of Life-Cycle Stage-Specific Success Factors on the Sustainability of Resident Consultative Bodies in Urban Regeneration Areas: The Mediating Role of Internal Capacity

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Ph.D. Thesis
The Effects of Life-Cycle Stage-Specific Success Factors on the Sustainability of
Resident Consultative Bodies in Urban Regeneration Areas
– The Mediating Role of Internal Capacity –
Yeungnam University Graduate School
Department of Regional development and Welfare Administration
Major in Regional Development and Real Estate
Abstract
This study aims to identify the factors influencing the practical sustainability of
resident consultative bodies in urban regeneration and to empirically verify the
structural relationships among life-cycle-stage specific key success factors, internal
capacity, and sustainability. In recent years, urban regeneration has expanded
beyond a policy focused solely on physical environmental improvement toward a
more comprehensive approach emphasizing the recovery of local communities and
resident-led sustainable development. In this context, resident consultative bodies
have been recognized as core mechanisms through which residents discuss local
issues, communicate with administrative actors, and support the direction and
implementation of urban regeneration projects.
However, in many actual cases, resident consultative bodies do not maintain their
initial momentum of participation and often weaken over time due to participation
fatigue, internal conflict, dependence on a few leaders, reliance on administrative
support, and the lack of autonomous financial and organizational foundations. These
limitations suggest the need to understand sustainability not simply as the survival
of an organization, but as a more substantive condition in which the organization
continues to function effectively, contribute to the local community, and maintain its
future viability.
Based on this problem awareness, this study conceptualized the sustainability of
resident consultative bodies as a multidimensional construct including organizational
effectiveness, community contribution, and future orientation. In addition, this study
approached resident consultative bodies as organizations that develop and transform
over time rather than static institutions. Accordingly, the key success factors of
resident consultative bodies were classified according to three life-cycle stages:
formation and organization, activation, and maturity and change. Internal capacity
was conceptualized as the mediating mechanism through which these stage-specific
conditions are transformed into sustainability. More specifically, internal capacity
was composed of trust and cohesion, and communication and decision-making.
To achieve the purpose of the study, a literature review was first conducted on
urban regeneration, resident consultative bodies, organizational life cycle, and
sustainability. Based on this review, preliminary factors and measurement items
were derived. A first exploratory survey was then carried out to examine whether
the factors identified from the literature adequately reflected field realities. Through
this process, several practical issues that were not sufficiently emphasized in the
literature, such as the importance of initial information provision, participation
burden, realistic rewards, internal communication problems, and the need for new
participant inflow, were identified and reflected in the final measurement variables.
After refining the measurement items, a main survey was conducted among
residents with experience participating in resident consultative bodies in urban
regeneration project areas located in Cheongdo, Gyeongsan, and Yeongcheon in
Gyeongbuk Province. A total of 312 questionnaires were collected, and 291 valid
responses were used for the final analysis after excluding insincere responses.
The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 and AMOS. Frequency analysis
was conducted to examine the general characteristics of the sample, and reliability
analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis were
performed to verify the reliability and validity of the measurement items.
Subsequently, structural equation modeling was employed to test the research model
and hypotheses, and bootstrapping analysis was used to verify the mediating effects
of internal capacity.
The results of the study can be summarized as follows. First, the life-cycle-stage
specific success factors of resident consultative bodies were found to have
significant positive effects on internal capacity. In other words, the success factors
in the stages of formation and organization, activation, and maturity and change all
contributed positively to strengthening trust, cohesion, communication, and
democratic decision-making within resident consultative bodies. Among these, the
activation stage showed the strongest influence on internal capacity. This indicates
that the sustainability of resident consultative bodies is not determined solely by a
good start or by long-term survival itself, but rather by how participation is
maintained in everyday operation, how conflicts are managed, how networks are
expanded, and how realistic incentives are recognized during the operational
process.
Second, the life-cycle-stage specific success factors were also found to have
significant positive direct effects on sustainability.
This means that the conditions established at each stage, such as shared goals
and resident initiative in the early stage, voluntary participation and relational
management in the activation stage, and self-reliance and learning systems in the
maturity stage, directly contribute to the sustainability of resident consultative
bodies. However, the magnitude of these direct effects was relatively smaller than
the effects on internal capacity and the effect of internal capacity on sustainability.
This suggests that favorable conditions by themselves are not enough; rather,
sustainability becomes more stable when such conditions are accumulated as internal
organizational capacity.
Third, internal capacity had a significant positive effect on sustainability. This
result implies that when resident consultative bodies maintain strong trust and
cohesion among members and operate through transparent communication and
democratic decision-making, they are more likely to achieve organizational goals,
make meaningful contributions to the local community, and sustain future
participation and vitality. In other words, the sustainability of resident consultative
bodies is substantially strengthened when relational and operational capacities are
accumulated and activated within the organization, not when external support or
institutional arrangements are given.
Fourth, internal capacity was found to partially mediate the relationship between
life-cycle-stage specific key success factors and sustainability. This means that the
key success factors of each life-cycle stage influence sustainability both directly
and indirectly through the strengthening of internal capacity. Thus, the sustainability
of resident consultative bodies should be understood as a structural result formed
through the process by which favorable external conditions are translated into trust,
cohesion, communication, and decision-making capacity within the organization.
The implications of this study are as follows. Theoretically, this study is
meaningful in that it conceptualized resident consultative bodies as evolving
organizations with a life cycle, rather than as fixed participatory bodies, and
empirically verified the structural mechanism linking life-cycle-stage specific key
success factors, internal capacity, and sustainability.
It also broadened the concept of sustainability by defining it not merely as
organizational survival, but as a multidimensional construct including effectiveness,
community contribution, and future orientation. Practically, the findings suggest that
the sustainability of resident consultative bodies should be understood as a strategic
outcome built up throughout the stages of formation, activation, and transformation,
not as a condition judged only after the completion of an urban
regeneration project. In particular, the results highlight the importance of
supporting the activation stage, establishing realistic reward and recognition
systems, strengthening internal communication and conflict coordination, and
designing support structures in which resident leadership is combined with stable
administrative and institutional backing.
In conclusion, this study shows that the sustainability of resident consultative
bodies is determined by whether participation is transformed into internal
organizational capacity, rather than the degree of participation. Urban regeneration,
therefore, should be understood not only as a policy for improving physical space,
but also as a long-term process of reconstructing community relationships, local
governance, and the organizational foundations necessary for sustained local
operation.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제1장 서 론 1
• 제1절 연구 필요성 및 목적 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 1
• 2. 연구의 목적 3
• 제2절 연구 범위 및 방법 5
• 1. 연구 범위 5
• 2. 연구 방법 6
• 제3절 연구의 구성 7
• 제2장 이론적 배경 9
• 제1절 도시재생과 주민협의체 9
• 1. 도시재생의 개념 및 특성 9
• 2. 주민협의체의 개념과 역할 12
• 3. 도시재생과 주민협의체의 관계 15
• 제2절 도시재생 주민협의체의 생애주기 단계 18
• 1. 도시재생 주민협의체의 생애주기 개념 18
• 2. 도시재생 주민협의체의 생애주기 단계 19
• 제3절 도시재생 주민협의체의 지속가능성 27
• 1. 지속가능성의 개념 및 중요성 27
• 2. 지속가능성의 형성 조건 30
• 제4절 선행연구 검토 및 연구의 차별성 33
• 1. 선행연구 검토 33
• 2. 연구의 차별성 37
• 제3장 측정변수의 도출 및 확정 40
• 제1절 변수 도출 절차 및 구성 40
• 1. 변수 도출 절차 40
• 2. 변수의 구성 41
• 제2절 예비요인의 도출 및 보완 45
• 1. 문헌조사를 통한 예비요인 도출 45
• 2. 1차 탐색조사를 통한 예비요인 보완 50
• 제3절 측정변수의 최종 확정 53
• 1. 측정변수의 기본 방향 53
• 2. 독립변수: 주민협의체 생애주기단계별 핵심 성공 요인 53
• 3. 매개변수: 주민협의체 내부 역량 55
• 4. 종속변수: 주민협의체 지속가능성 56
• 5. 측정변수 최종 확정의 의의 57
• 제4장 연구설계 60
• 제1절 연구모형 및 연구가설 60
• 1. 연구모형의 구성 60
• 2. 변수의 조작적 정의 62
• 3. 연구가설 설정 63
• 제2절 조사 설계 및 자료수집 66
• 1. 조사대상 및 표본설계 66
• 2. 조사도구의 구성 67
• 3. 자료수집 방법 및 절차 68
• 제3절 분석 방법 69
• 제5장 연구결과 70
• 제1절 표본의 일반적 특성 분석 70
• 제2절 측정변수의 신뢰도 및 타당성 검증 72
• 1. 측정항목의 신뢰도 및 타당도 검증결과 72
• 2. 전체 측정항목에 대한 확인적 요인분석 결과 74
• 3. 전체 측정항목에 대한 집중타당성 및 판별타당성 검증결과 76
• 제3절 연구모형 및 가설검증 결과 79
• 1. 연구모형의 적합도 검증결과 80
• 2. 생애주기단계별 핵심 성공 요인이 내부 역량에 미치는 영향관계 80
• 3. 생애주기단계별 핵심 성공 요인이 지속가능성에 미치는 영향관계 81
• 4. 내부 역량이 지속가능성에 미치는 영향관계 82
• 5. 내부 역량의 매개효과 검증결과 83
• 제6장 결론 84
• 제1절 연구결과의 요약 84
• 제2절 연구 제언 85
• 1. 생애주기 관점에서의 지속가능성 확보를 위한 제언 85
• 2. 주민협의체 내부 역량 강화를 위한 제언 87
• 제3절 연구의 한계 및 향후 연구과제 89
• 참고문헌 91
• 부록 97