무소르그스키 성악 모음곡 아이들의 방（The Nursery）의 사실주의 음악 어법 연구 = A Study of Realist Musical Language in Modest Mussorgsky’s The Nursery

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the formation and realization of realist musical language in the vocal cycle The Nursery by Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky. The socio-political transformation of nineteenth-century Russia, particularly following the Emancipation Reform of 1861, brought fundamental changes to the social structure and cultural landscape. Within this context, realism emerged as a dominant aesthetic movement, emphasizing the truthful representation of everyday life, spoken language, and psychological reality. This shift significantly influenced artistic practices, including music. Russian music of this period developed through a dual process: the assimilation of Western European traditions and the pursuit of a distinct national identity. Nationalism and realism became closely interconnected, as composers sought to reflect the linguistic, cultural, and emotional characteristics of Russian society. In vocal music, the inherent qualities of the Russian language—its intonation, rhythm, and phonetic structure—played a crucial role in shaping new compositional approaches that integrated speech and music. Mussorgsky stands as a central figure in this development, renowned for his innovative application of realist musical language. Rather than treating vocal music as an idealized expression of emotion, he approached it as a means of reproducing natural speech and thought processes. His use of speech-like melodic contours, flexible rhythmic structures, and unconventional harmonic progressions reflects a deliberate effort to align musical expression with the nuances of spoken language.
This study first examines the theoretical background of Russian nationalism and realist aesthetics, as well as their development within the broader socio-cultural context of nineteenth-century Russia. It then explores Mussorgsky’s life and musical characteristics to elucidate his compositional philosophy. The core of the study focuses on a detailed analysis of all seven songs in The Nursery, highlighting how realist musical language is concretely realized. The analysis emphasizes melodic development, rhythmic and metric treatment, harmonic progression, vocal range, and phrasing, while also examining the relationship between linguistic rhythm, textual imagery, and musical expression. Through this approach, the study demonstrates that The Nursery transcends conventional art song forms by presenting a vivid and realistic portrayal of children’s speech, psychology, and everyday experiences.
In conclusion, The Nursery exemplifies the integration of Russian linguistic characteristics and realist aesthetics, illustrating a significant shift in vocal music toward the direct representation of human life and language. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the aesthetic significance of realist musical language in the development of Russian art song and its role in shaping national identity.

Keywords: Mussorgsky, The Nursery, Realist Musical Language, Russian Nationalism, Russian Art Song, Language–Music Relationship, Vocal Cycle, Russian Prosody, Child Speech, 19th-Century Russian Music

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론 1
• 1. 연구의 목적 1
• 2. 연구 방법 및 제한점 3
• 3. 선행연구 6
• Ⅱ. 본론 9
• 1. 이론적 배경 9
• 1） 러시아 민족주의 음악의 형성과 발전 9
• （1） 러시아 민족주의 음악의 형성과 미학 9
• （2） 국민주의적 경향과 사실주의 미학의 상관관계 12
• （3） 국민악파의 등장 14
• 2） 19세기 러시아 사회와 사실주의의 형성 17
• （1） 19세기 서유럽 사회 변동과 사실주의 미학의 발생 17
• （2） 사실주의 미학의 러시아 수용 20
• （3） 러시아 사실주의의 특징 23
• 3） 러시아 예술가곡의 형성과 발전 26
• （1） 서유럽 예술가곡 전통과 러시아 예술가곡의 형성 26
• （2） 러시아어의 특성과 사실주의 성악 양식 29
• 4） 소결 32
• 2. 무소르그스키의 생애와 음악적 특징 34
• 1） 생애 34
• 2） 음악적 특징 39
• 3. 성악 모음곡 〈아이들의 방〉 음악 분석 51
• 1） 제1곡 〈유모와 함께〉 （С няней） 53
• 2） 제2곡 〈구석에서〉 （В Углу） 67
• 3） 제3곡 〈딱정벌레〉 （Жук） 77
• 4） 제4곡 〈인형과 함께〉 （С Куклой） 92
• 5） 제5곡 〈잠들기 전에〉 （Вечерняя Молитва） 103
• 6） 제6곡 〈고양이 ‘마트로스’〉 （Кот Матрос） 115
• 7） 제7곡 〈목마 타기〉 （Деревянная Лошадка） 130
• Ⅲ. 결론 145
• 참고 문헌 148
• Abstract 151