The purpose of this study is to design and propose a middle school art appreciation instructional plan that applies Tom Anderson's educational art criticism theory as an alternative to overcoming the limitations of Edmund Burke Feldman's formalistic c...
The purpose of this study is to design and propose a middle school art appreciation instructional plan that applies Tom Anderson's educational art criticism theory as an alternative to overcoming the limitations of Edmund Burke Feldman's formalistic criticism theory, which has been used for a long time in school settings, and to realize the core competencies that the 2022 Revised Art Curriculum aims for. As a research method, a theoretical foundation was established through comparative analysis of Feldman's and Anderson's criticism theories and a review of prior studies, and the direction of instructional design was set by analyzing the achievement standards in the middle school appreciation and criticism domain of the 2022 Revised Art Curriculum. Based on this, a 4-session instructional plan was developed and informal classes were conducted for third-grade middle school learners. The designed instructional plan is based on the five-stage structure of Anderson's art criticism theory, and the role of an 'Art Advisor' was introduced as a key instructional tool. Through this, learners were able to independently select and critique contemporary artworks, and cultivate critical thinking and cooperative communication skills through the preparation of value proposals and group presentations. As the class progressed, a cyclical inquiry process was observed in learners, in which initial interpretations were deepened and revised following contextual examination, and different value perspectives were derived by each group, confirming the possibility of pluralistic value judgment and the fostering of cooperative communication competencies. This study is significant in that it presented the practical possibility of learner-led art criticism education by combining Anderson's criticism theory and the Art Advisor role-playing activity. However, as it was limited to classes conducted in an informal environment, empirical verification of its effectiveness in a regular classroom setting remains a task for future research.