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    과학탐구지도를 위한 생성형 AI 활용 교수설계 모형 개발 = Development of an Instructional Design Model for Co-designing Science Inquiry Teaching with Generative AI

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    https://www.riss.kr/link?id=T17557182

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    다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract) kakao i 다국어 번역

    Development of an Instructional Design Model for Co-designing Science Inquiry Teaching with Generative AI Shin Ju Ran Advisor : Prof. Park Hyun Ju, Ph.D. Department of Science Education, Graduate School of Chosun University The purpose of this study was to develop an instructional design model for co-designing science inquiry teaching with generative artificial intelligence (AI). Generative AI was conceptualized as a collaborative partner that supports teachers’ instructional design while fostering stuedents’ inquiry thinking. Based on this perspective, the Generative AI-Integrated Science Inquiry Design (GAI-SID) model was developed. The study employed a two-stage research design consisting of preliminary analysis and model development. The preliminary analysis included an analysis of 172 student science inquiry project reports from 2018 and 2025, a survey of 10 science teachers to validate the interpretations of the observed changes in inquiry errors, a survey of 19 science teachers to investigate the potential uses and concerns of generative AI at each inquiry stage and the appropriateness of the proposed conceptual model, and a survey of 62 pre-service teachers to examine the perceived importance of and readiness for digital-based teaching competencies. In the second stage, an initial GAI-SID model was developed from the findings of the preliminary analysis and iteratively refined through a focus group interview with four science teachers and pilot testing with 12 pre-service teachers. The results were as follows. First, errors related to basic inquiry design, such as formulating research questions, identifying variables, and selecting equipment and materials, tended to decrease in student science inquiry project reports. In contrast, difficulties in higher-order inquiry processes, including data interpretation, scientific reasoning, conclusion drawing, and the appropriate use of references, continued to occur. Science teachers recognized the potential of generative AI to support literature review, inquiry question development, experimental design, feedback, and report writing, while expressing concerns about students’ uncritical acceptance of AI-generated responses and excessive reliance on AI during data interpretation and conclusion drawing. Pre-service teachers regarded digital-based teaching competencies as highly important but reported relatively low readiness to implement them. Second, the preliminary analysis informed a set of instructional design principles that emphasize stage-specific integration of generative AI, iterative refinement of instruction, appropriate allocation of teacher and AI roles, prevention of AI overdependence, and process-oriented assessment. These principles highlight that the scope and role of generative AI should vary across inquiry stages, while students’ scientific judgment in data interpretation, reasoning, and conclusion drawing should remain central. Accordingly, assessment should address not only inquiry products but also inquiry processes, students’ critical evaluation of generative AI outputs, and the evidence supporting their judgments. Third, the final GAI-SID model comprises three stages-Preparation, Design, and Implementation— and ten instructional procedures connected by iterative feedback loops that enable continuous refinement of instructional decisions before, during, and after inquiry teaching. In conclusion, the GAI-SID model provides a systematic framework for co-designing science inquiry teaching with generative AI. It supports teachers in determining the purpose, scope, and timing of AI use across inquiry stages while preserving students’ responsibility for scientific reasoning and enabling continunous improvement of instructional design through iterative feedback. Key words: Generative AI, science inquiry teaching, instructional design model, student science inquiry project reports, GAI-SID
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    Development of an Instructional Design Model for Co-designing Science Inquiry Teaching with Generative AI Shin Ju Ran Advisor : Prof. Park Hyun Ju, Ph.D. Department of Science Education, Graduate School of Chosun University The purpose of this study w...

    Development of an Instructional Design Model for Co-designing Science Inquiry Teaching with Generative AI Shin Ju Ran Advisor : Prof. Park Hyun Ju, Ph.D. Department of Science Education, Graduate School of Chosun University The purpose of this study was to develop an instructional design model for co-designing science inquiry teaching with generative artificial intelligence (AI). Generative AI was conceptualized as a collaborative partner that supports teachers’ instructional design while fostering stuedents’ inquiry thinking. Based on this perspective, the Generative AI-Integrated Science Inquiry Design (GAI-SID) model was developed. The study employed a two-stage research design consisting of preliminary analysis and model development. The preliminary analysis included an analysis of 172 student science inquiry project reports from 2018 and 2025, a survey of 10 science teachers to validate the interpretations of the observed changes in inquiry errors, a survey of 19 science teachers to investigate the potential uses and concerns of generative AI at each inquiry stage and the appropriateness of the proposed conceptual model, and a survey of 62 pre-service teachers to examine the perceived importance of and readiness for digital-based teaching competencies. In the second stage, an initial GAI-SID model was developed from the findings of the preliminary analysis and iteratively refined through a focus group interview with four science teachers and pilot testing with 12 pre-service teachers. The results were as follows. First, errors related to basic inquiry design, such as formulating research questions, identifying variables, and selecting equipment and materials, tended to decrease in student science inquiry project reports. In contrast, difficulties in higher-order inquiry processes, including data interpretation, scientific reasoning, conclusion drawing, and the appropriate use of references, continued to occur. Science teachers recognized the potential of generative AI to support literature review, inquiry question development, experimental design, feedback, and report writing, while expressing concerns about students’ uncritical acceptance of AI-generated responses and excessive reliance on AI during data interpretation and conclusion drawing. Pre-service teachers regarded digital-based teaching competencies as highly important but reported relatively low readiness to implement them. Second, the preliminary analysis informed a set of instructional design principles that emphasize stage-specific integration of generative AI, iterative refinement of instruction, appropriate allocation of teacher and AI roles, prevention of AI overdependence, and process-oriented assessment. These principles highlight that the scope and role of generative AI should vary across inquiry stages, while students’ scientific judgment in data interpretation, reasoning, and conclusion drawing should remain central. Accordingly, assessment should address not only inquiry products but also inquiry processes, students’ critical evaluation of generative AI outputs, and the evidence supporting their judgments. Third, the final GAI-SID model comprises three stages-Preparation, Design, and Implementation— and ten instructional procedures connected by iterative feedback loops that enable continuous refinement of instructional decisions before, during, and after inquiry teaching. In conclusion, the GAI-SID model provides a systematic framework for co-designing science inquiry teaching with generative AI. It supports teachers in determining the purpose, scope, and timing of AI use across inquiry stages while preserving students’ responsibility for scientific reasoning and enabling continunous improvement of instructional design through iterative feedback. Key words: Generative AI, science inquiry teaching, instructional design model, student science inquiry project reports, GAI-SID

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    목차 (Table of Contents)

    • Ⅰ. 서론 1
    • 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 1
    • 2. 용어 정의 5
    • 가. 생성형 인공지능 5
    • 나. 공동지능 6
    • Ⅰ. 서론 1
    • 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 1
    • 2. 용어 정의 5
    • 가. 생성형 인공지능 5
    • 나. 공동지능 6
    • 3. 연구 문제 7
    • Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 8
    • 1. 과학탐구 지도의 이론적 기반 8
    • 가. 과학의 본성(NOS)과 과학탐구지도 8
    • 나. 과학탐구의 의미와 관점 변화 14
    • 다. 과학의 본성과 과학탐구의 관계 24
    • 2. 생성형 AI와 과학탐구지도 26
    • 가. 생성형 AI의 교육적 특성 27
    • 나. 과학탐구의 생성형 AI 활용 29
    • 다. 생성형 AI 활용 과학탐구지도의 유의점 31
    • 3. 과학탐구 교수설계의 원리 35
    • 가. 교수설계의 정의와 체계적 접근 35
    • 나. 학습자 중심 설계 원리 37
    • 다. 상호작용과 피드백 기반의 과정 중심 설계 39
    • 4. 생성형 AI 활용 과학탐구지도 교수설계 모형의 이론적 근거 41
    • 가. 생성형 AI 활용 과학탐구지도 교수설계의 필요성 41
    • 나. 생성형 AI 활용 과학탐구지도 교수설계의 핵심 구성 요소 42
    • 다. 모형 개발 방향 45
    • Ⅲ. 연구 방법 47
    • 1. 연구 설계 및 절차 47
    • 가. 연구 설계 47
    • 나. 연구 절차 47
    • 다. 연구자의 배경 49
    • 2. 연구대상 및 분석 방법 50
    • 가. 학생 과학탐구 작품설명서 오류 분석 51
    • 나. 과학교사 대상 오류 해석 타당도 조사, 생성형 AI 활용 인식조사 55
    • 다. 예비교사 디지털 기반 교수학습 인식조사 58
    • 3. GAI-SID 모형 개발 61
    • 가. 1차 모형 개발 61
    • 나. 2차 모형 개발 64
    • 다. 최종 모형 개발 65
    • Ⅳ. 연구결과 67
    • 1. 생성형 AI 활용 과학탐구지도 교수설계를 위한 기초분석 결과 67
    • 가. 학생 과학탐구 작품설명서 오류 분석 결과 67
    • 나. 학생 과학탐구 오류 변화 해석에 대한 타당도 조사 결과 73
    • 다. 탐구 단계별 생성형 AI 활용에 대한 교사 인식조사 결과 93
    • 라. 예비교사의 디지털 기반 교수학습 중요도와 준비도 인식 결과 102
    • 마. 기초분석 결과의 종합 106
    • 2. 생성형 AI 활용 과학탐구지도 교수설계 원리 및 특징 109
    • 가. 교수설계 원리 도출 109
    • 나. 교수설계 원리의 내용 112
    • 다. 교수설계 원리의 특징 115
    • 3. GAI-SID 모형 개발 116
    • 가. GAI-SID 1차 모형 개발 116
    • 나. GAI-SID 2차 모형 개발 123
    • 다. 최종 GAI-SID 모형 개발 142
    • Ⅴ. 결론 및 제언 157
    • 1. 결론· 157
    • 2. 제언· 161
    • 참 고 문 헌 164
    • 부록 178
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