Against the background of global sustainable development and green transformation, organizations increasingly rely on employees' active participation in green creativity and environmental improvement activities. However, in the hospitality and tourism...
Against the background of global sustainable development and green transformation, organizations increasingly rely on employees' active participation in green creativity and environmental improvement activities. However, in the hospitality and tourism industry, which relies extensively on interpersonal exchanges and the engagement of frontline employees, employee green creativity is not merely driven by formal institutional requirements but is more strongly influenced by employees' willingness to continuously invest additional cognitive resources, psychological energy, and proactive effort. Therefore, understanding how organizational management practices effectively foster employee green creativity has emerged as a growing area of interest in green management and organizational behavior.
Although prior research has started to investigate the impact of green leadership on employee green behavior, the existing literature has predominantly focused on green transformational leadership, which highlights vision communication and organizational transformation, whereas green inclusive leadership, characterized by open interaction, employee involvement, and sensitivity to employee needs, has received comparatively less scholarly attention. Furthermore, the psychological processes and contextual factors that shape the association between green inclusive leadership and employee green creativity have yet to be fully clarified. More specifically, the reasons employees choose to consistently devote proactive effort to green creative activities continue to represent a relatively neglected topic within green behavior research.
Based on self-determination theory, the present research proposes and tests an integrated framework connecting green inclusive leadership, employees' perceived corporate social responsibility, green intrinsic motivation, and employee green creativity, while specifically examining the moderating effect of employees' perceived corporate social responsibility and the mediating effect of green intrinsic motivation. Data were gathered through a three-wave time-lagged survey conducted among employees in the hospitality and tourism sector in South Korea, resulting in 292 usable responses.
The findings demonstrate that green inclusive leadership exerts a significant positive influence on employee green creativity, indicating that leaders' openness, accessibility, and supportive interactions contribute to fulfilling employees' basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness, thereby motivating employees to engage more actively in green improvement and innovation activities. In comparison with leadership approaches characterized by control and unilateral direction, green inclusive leadership is more capable of fostering an open and supportive relational climate in which employees are inclined to voice green ideas, explore innovative green work practices, and actively participate in organizational green improvement initiatives.
The findings further indicate that employees' perceived corporate social responsibility positively moderates the relationship between green inclusive leadership and employee green creativity. Specifically, when employees perceive organizational corporate social responsibility practices as authentic and meaningful, the positive effect of green inclusive leadership on employee green creativity becomes more pronounced. Under such circumstances, leaders' green behaviors are more likely to be regarded as authentic and aligned with organizational values, thereby strengthening employees' support for and identification with green initiatives promoted by their leaders. Conversely, when perceptions of organizational corporate social responsibility practices are relatively weak, employees may express greater doubt regarding the authenticity of organizational green activities and leadership behaviors, thereby reducing the positive influence of green inclusive leadership on employee green creativity. These findings further indicate that employees' perceptions of organizational green values and social responsibility orientation shape their evaluations of the meaning and authenticity of leadership behavior, which subsequently affects the effectiveness of green leadership practices.
In addition, the findings further indicate that green inclusive leadership has a significant positive effect on employees' green intrinsic motivation, and green intrinsic motivation functions as an important mediator linking green inclusive leadership to employee green creativity. These results imply that the influence of green inclusive leadership on employee green creativity operates through multiple mechanisms. On the one hand, employee green creativity is directly enhanced through the fulfillment of employees' basic psychological needs. On the other hand, green inclusive leadership indirectly facilitates employee green creativity by cultivating employees' sense of autonomy and efficacy in green behavior, thereby increasing their intrinsic interest and active engagement in green work. In particular, when employees perceive their green behavior as originating from their own volition rather than external control, feelings of competence are more likely to be transformed into stable intrinsic motivation, which further promotes employees' continuous engagement in green creative activities.
This study contributes to the literature in several important ways. First, it advances green leadership research by expanding understanding of the relationship between green inclusive leadership and employee green creativity. Unlike prior studies that primarily focused on green transformational leadership emphasizing vision articulation and organizational change, this study highlights the importance of relational interaction, employee participation, and responsiveness to employee needs in fostering employee green creativity. Second, by incorporating employees' perceived corporate social responsibility into the framework, this study clarifies the boundary conditions under which green inclusive leadership influences employee green creativity and extends micro-level corporate social responsibility research in organizational behavior. The findings further suggest that employees' perceptions of organizational green values and social responsibility orientation shape the effectiveness of green leadership practices. Third, drawing on self-determination theory, this study uncovers the psychological process through which green inclusive leadership influences employee green creativity, helping address the limited understanding of intrinsic motivational pathways underlying green behavior.
From a practical perspective, the findings suggest that hospitality and tourism organizations should not rely solely on formal environmental policies or technical green management practices when promoting green transformation. Instead, organizations should place greater emphasis on leaders' openness, accessibility, and supportive interactions. By encouraging employees to express green ideas, responding to employee needs, and respecting employee opinions, organizations may more effectively stimulate employees' continuous participation in green creative activities. In addition, organizations should strengthen authentic, consistent, and visible corporate social responsibility practices so that employees can more easily understand and identify with organizational green values, thereby further enhancing the effectiveness of green leadership practices. Furthermore, organizations should pay greater attention to cultivating employees' green intrinsic motivation by strengthening employees' sense of autonomy and efficacy in green work, thereby encouraging employees to gradually shift from passive compliance to active participation in green innovation and environmental improvement activities.