The Logic of Technological Capital : Extending Bourdieu’s Field Theory in Technological Society

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 논문은 피에르 부르디외의 장 이론（field theory）을 현대 기술 사회의 조 건 속에서 확장하기 위해 기술 자본（Technological capital） 개념을 제안한다. 부르 디외의 장, 자본, 아비투스 개념은 사회적 실천이 위치, 성향, 인정된 자원의 불균등 한 분포를 통해 구조화된다는 것을 보여준다는 점에서 여전히 강력하다. 다만 기술이 중립적 도구나 환경을 넘어 사회적 실천과 배제를 조직하는 핵심 조건이 된 오늘날의 현실을 설명하기에는 한계가 있다. 본 논문은 부르디외 이후 제안된 여러 자본 개념 을 비교·검토하여 그로부터 기술 자본을 도출하고, 이를 관계적 자본 논리 안에 재배 치한다. 기술 자본은 기술 능력이 시간 속에서 축적되고 장 안에서 인정되며 다른 이 점으로 전환될 때 성립하며, 체화된·객관화된·제도화된 형태로 나타나고 반복적 실천 을 통해 기술 아비투스로 나아간다. 이론적 재구성과 기술적 박탈（technological deprivation） 사례를 통해, 본 논문은 현대의 지배가 접근 격차가 아니라 기술적 조 건을 전유·해석·전환하는 능력의 차이로 작동하며 이 차이가 흔히 개인의 무능으로 오인된다는 점을 밝힌다. 결론적으로, 논의는 실천적 자율성（practical autonomy） 으로 귀결된다. 기술적 운명을 자연화하는 아모르 파티（amor fati）와 그것을 거부하 는 데 그치는 오디움 파티（odium fati）를 넘어, 실천적 자율성은 미시적 실천을 통해, 내면화된 이상에 따라 기술 자본의 방향을 잡을 것을 요구한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This dissertation proposes the concept of technological capital to extend Pierre Bourdieu’s field theory under the conditions of technological society. Bourdieu’s concepts of field, capital, and habitus remain powerful because they show how social practice is structured through position, disposition, and the unequal distribution of recognized resources. Today, however, technology can no longer be understood as a neutral tool or as an external environment. It has become a central condition that enables, classifies, accelerates, excludes, and reproduces practice itself. By comparing and critically examining several concepts of capital proposed after Bourdieu, this study derives technological capital and relocates it within a relational logic of capital. Technological capital emerges when technological ability is accumulated over time, recognized within a field, and converted into other advantages. It appears in embodied, objectified, and institutionalized forms and, through repeated practice, develops into technological habitus. Through theoretical reconstruction and an analysis of technological deprivation, the study shows that contemporary domination operates less through gaps in access than through unequal capacities to appropriate, interpret, and convert technological conditions—an inequality often misrecognized as personal incapacity. The dissertation concludes by turning to practical autonomy. Beyond the amor fati that naturalizes technological destiny and the odium fati that merely refuses it, practical autonomy requires the orientation of technological capital, through micro-practices, according to an internalized ideal.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• I. Introduction 1
• 1. Technological Society and the Conditions of Practice 1
• 2. Objectives and Research Questions 11
• 3. Methodological Framework 16
• II. The Formation and Structure of Bourdieu’s Field Theory 21
• 1. Historical Background: Twentieth-Century France and the Algerian Experience 21
• 2. Field, Capital, and Habitus: The Structure of Practice Theory 51
• 3. Symbolic Power and the Logic of Reproduction 72
• 4. The Openness of Field Theory 89
• III. Concepts of Capital after Bourdieu 97
• 1. The Persistence of Field Theory in Studies of Inequality and Reproduction 97
• 2. New Forms of Capital beyond Cultural Capital 110
• 3. Contributions and Limits of Approaches to Technological Society 128
• 4. The Necessity of Technological Capital 148
• IV. Conceptualizing Technological Capital 157
• 1. Theoretical Examination of Technology 157
• 2. Defining Technological Capital 169
• 3. The Three Forms and Technological Habitus 178
• 4. Mechanisms of Accumulation and Conversion 192
• V. The Explanatory Power of Technological Capital 209
• 1. Case-Selection Criteria and Analytical Procedure 209
• 2. The Deprivation of Embodied Technological Capital: Interface and Misrecognition 214
• 3. The Deprivation of Objectified Technological Capital: Privatization and Platform Dependency 228
• 4. The Deprivation of Institutionalized Technological Capital: Certification, Reputation, and Classification 240
• VI. Technological Capital: From Fati to Practical Autonomy 255
• 1. Amor Fati in the Technological Field 255
• 2. Odium Fati and the Paradox of Escape 265
• 3. From Fati to the Ideal: Consciousness and Internalization 278
• 4. From Ideal to Practice: Technological Capital as a Condition of Autonomy 287
• VII. Conclusion 297
• Bibliography 307
• Appendices 331