Background : As cancer survival improves, long-term healthcare needs related to symptom management, rehabilitation, follow-up care, and survivorship care are increasing. In Korea, Korean medicine is incorporated into the formal healthcare system, and...
Background : As cancer survival improves, long-term healthcare needs related to symptom management, rehabilitation, follow-up care, and survivorship care are increasing. In Korea, Korean medicine is incorporated into the formal healthcare system, and its use can be identified through national health insurance claims data. This study examined the patterns and socioeconomic and clinical determinants of Korean medicine utilization among patients with cancer.
Methods : This nationwide retrospective cohort study used linked data from the national cancer registry and national health insurance claims. The study population included 1,069,453 patients newly registered with cancer between 2015 and 2019. Korean medicine utilization was primarily defined as Korean medicine use after cancer diagnosis with cancer recorded as the principal diagnosis. A supplementary analysis defined Korean medicine utilization regardless of the principal diagnosis. Utilization patterns were assessed according to timing, frequency, visit type, treatment modality, and principal diagnosis. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify determinants of Korean medicine utilization. A subgroup analysis was conducted among patients with breast cancer according to standard treatment phases.
Results : Among all patients with cancer, 102,938 used Korean medicine with cancer recorded as the principal diagnosis, corresponding to a utilization rate of 9.63%. Utilization was predominantly outpatient-based and procedure-oriented. Acupuncture was the most frequently used modality, followed by moxibustion and cupping. In multivariable analysis, Korean medicine utilization was associated with sex, age, region, insurance status, cancer type, stage, disability status, and prior Korean medicine use. Korean medicine use during the year before cancer diagnosis was strongly associated with post-diagnosis utilization, with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.73 (95% confidence interval, 1.71–1.76).
When Korean medicine utilization was defined regardless of the principal diagnosis, 549,474 patients used Korean medicine, corresponding to 51.38% of the study population. The most frequent principal diagnoses were musculoskeletal and injury-related conditions. Among 107,945 patients with breast cancer, 19,009 used Korean medicine with cancer recorded as the principal diagnosis, corresponding to a utilization rate of 17.61%. In the treatment-phase analysis, Korean medicine utilization was most frequent during the endocrine maintenance therapy phase, and acupuncture was the leading modality across treatment phases.
Conclusion : Korean medicine utilization among patients with cancer is a measurable healthcare utilization phenomenon within the Korean medical system. Its use is shaped by socioeconomic conditions, clinical characteristics, prior healthcare utilization, and treatment trajectory. Distinguishing Korean medicine utilization with cancer as the principal diagnosis from broader utilization regardless of the principal diagnosis is essential for interpreting the scope and meaning of Korean medicine use among patients with cancer. Further research should link claims data with patient-reported symptoms, treatment intent, safety outcomes, and clinical endpoints.