전장환경 기반 소부대 드론 패키지 운용개념 연구 = A Study on a Small-Unit Drone Package Concept of Operations （CONOPS） Based on Battlefield Environment

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구의 목적은 재밍, 지형 차폐, 조종자 피로가 중첩되는 전장환경에서 소부대 드론 운용이 반복적으로 실패하는 원인을 단계별 전투 절차 관점에서 규명하고, 절차 중심 통합 운용개념（CONOPS, Concept of Operations）을 제시하는 데 있다. 분석방법은 선행연구 및 공개 전투사례를 바탕으로 정찰–표적획득–타격–전투피해평가–사후분석으로 이어지는 절차를 재구성하고, 단계 간 전환 기준과 위험 통제 규칙의 부재가 위험요인의 누적·전이를 유발하는 구조를 도출하는 방식으로 수행하였다. 분석결과, 기존 기능 중심 접근은 각 단계의 성공을 개별적으로 설명하는 데는 유효하나, 단계 간 전환·중단의 판단 규칙이 불명확해 반복 출격, 위험 누적, 비효율적 재투입을 초래하는 한계가 확인되었다. 이에 정찰드론–1인칭 시점（FPV, First-Person View） 타격드론–대드론（C-UAS, Counter-UAS） 체계를 하나의 패키지로 통합하고, 단계별 통제 기준과 위험 기반 의사결정 규칙을 포함하는 패키지 운용개념을 제안하였다. 본 연구의 함의는 소부대 드론 전투체계의 지속성과 생존성은 기체 성능 중심 보완보다 절차·전환 규칙 중심의 통합 CONOPS 정립에 의해 좌우된다는 점이다.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목 차
• I. 서 론········································································································· 1
• 1. 연구의 배경 및 필요성·············································································· 1
• II. 연구 개념 및 분석 기법 정의······································································ 3
• 1. 전장환경································································································· 3
• 2. 분석개념································································································ 6
• III. 선행연구 고찰························································································· 8
• 1. 선행연구 분석························································································· 8
• 1） FPV 드론 전투사례 연구········································································ 8
• 2） 소형드론 위협 및 C-UAS 전략 연구······················································· 11
• 3） MUM-T 전투 운용 연구········································································ 15
• 4） 국경·전장환경 감시체계 연구································································· 19
• 2. 분석결과 고찰························································································· 22
• 1） 선행연구 분석 결과 비교········································································· 22
• 2） 선행연구에서 도출된 제약요인의 범주화················································· 23
• 3） 분석결과 도출························································································ 24
• IV. 핵심문제 정의 및 통합 운용개념 설계························································ 26
• 1. 전장환경에서 소부대 드론 운용의 핵심 문제 정의······································· 26
• 1） 문제 정의: 단계 기반 전투 절차································································· 27
• 2） 정찰 단계: 탐지 성공과 지속 운용 간의 괴리·············································· 30
• 3） 타격 단계: 단발성 성공과 반복 운용의 불일치··········································· 32
• 4） BDA 단계: 누적 위험과 운용 한계의 확대················································· 33
• 5） 표적 정밀타격 영상촬영（사후분석） 단계: 정보 공백과
• 재노출 위험··································································································· 34
• 6） 핵심 문제 종합························································································ 35
• 7） 통합 운용개념 설계 요구조건 도출···························································· 36
• 2. 전장환경 대응 소부대 드론 통합 운용개념 설계····················· 38
• 1） 전장환경의 소부대 드론 운용개념 설계 원칙···················· 40
• 2） 전투수행방법 정의········································································· 41
• 3） 단계별 운용 절차 및 위험 통제 규칙····································· 42
• 4） 단계별 취약점 식별 및 개선 방안 매트릭스 수립············ 43
• 5） C-UAS의 통합 운용 방안····························································· 44
• 6） 전장환경 기반 소부대 드론 CONOPS 개선 방안··············· 45
• V. 전장환경 소부대 드론 CONOPS의 정책·훈련·조직적 시사점
• ······················································································································· 47
• 1. 교리 및 운용 개념············································································ 47
• 2. 훈련········································································································ 48
• 3. 조직 및 인력······················································································· 49
• 4. 장비 및 기술······················································································· 51
• 5. 정책 및 제도······················································································· 52
• 6. 전장환경 운용개념의 제도적 확장············································ 53
• VI. 결론········································································································ 56
• 1. 연구 결과······························································································ 56
• 2. 연구의 기여························································································· 57
• 1） 학술적 기여······················································································· 57
• 3. 연구의 한계 및 향후 과제····························································· 59
• 참고문헌····································································································· 61
• ABSTRACT·································································································· 69
• 감사의 글··································································································· 71