탄성 저항형 이중 구형 도구 중재가 수면의 질이 저하된 성인 남성의 자율신경계 활성 및 근긴장도에 미치는 즉각적 효과 = Immediate Effects of an Elastic-Resistance Dual-Sphere Device Intervention on Autonomic Nervous System Activity and Muscle Tone in Adult Men With Poor Sleep Quality

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study investigated the immediate effects of an elastic-resistance dual-sphere device （ERD） intervention on autonomic nervous system-related responses and muscle mechanical properties in adult men with reduced sleep quality. The effects of the ERD intervention were compared with those of a dual-sphere device （DSD） intervention and a control （CON） condition.
A total of 45 adult men with scores greater than 5 on the Korean version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI-K） were included in this randomized controlled trial. Participants were randomly assigned to the ERD, DSD, or CON group. The ERD and DSD groups received a 15-minute supine intervention in which the device was placed at the T6 level and the occipital region, combined with breathing-guided arm movements. The CON group maintained a supine resting position for the same duration without device application or arm movements. Heart rate variability indices, respiratory rate, skin temperature, and the frequency and stiffness of the upper trapezius and erector spinae muscles were measured before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance with Bonferroni correction.
Significant group-by-time interaction effects were observed for RMSSD, sympathetic nervous system index, parasympathetic nervous system index, respiratory rate, skin temperature, and the frequency and stiffness of the measured muscles. In the ERD group, RMSSD and parasympathetic nervous system index significantly increased, whereas sympathetic nervous system index and respiratory rate significantly decreased. Skin temperature increased after the intervention, and the frequency and stiffness of the measured muscles decreased. Although the DSD and CON groups also showed some changes in respiratory rate, skin temperature, or muscle mechanical properties, their autonomic nervous system-related responses were not as consistent as those observed in the ERD group.
These findings suggest that the ERD intervention was associated with immediate changes consistent with physiological stabilization in adult men with reduced sleep quality. However, the results should be interpreted as immediate responses to a combined intervention involving device-based sensory input, T6 and occipital support, supine positioning, and breathing-phase-guided arm movements, rather than as the independent effect of the device structure alone. Further studies are needed to determine whether these immediate physiological responses are related to long-term changes in sleep quality.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• (Abstract)
• Ⅰ. 서 론 1
• 1. 연구의 배경 1
• 2. 연구의 목적 21
• 3. 연구의 가설 22
• Ⅱ. 연구 방법 23
• 1. 연구 대상 23
• 2. 연구 설계 및 대상자 배정 27
• 1) 연구 설계 27
• 2) 대상자 배정 29
• 3. 실험기기 및 측정도구 30
• 1) 실험기기 30
• 2) 측정도구 35
• 4. 실험환경 및 절차 43
• 5. 자료분석 및 통계분석 55
• Ⅲ. 연구 결과 56
• 1. 연구 대상자의 일반적인 특성 56
• 2. 자율신경계 관련 변수의 변화 57
• 1) 심박변이도 변화 57
• 2) 분당호흡수 변화 63
• 3) 피부온도 변화 66
• 3. 근긴장도 및 강성 변화 69
• 1) 위등세모근의 근긴장도 및 강성 변화 69
• 2) 척추세움근의 근긴장도 및 강성 변화 73
• Ⅳ. 고 찰 77
• Ⅴ. 결 론 99
• 참고 문헌 101