This study adopted a narrative inquiry approach to explore how parents’ experiences of participation at an accredited specialized school for alternative education were constructed and given meaning over time. The research participants were parents w...
This study adopted a narrative inquiry approach to explore how parents’ experiences of participation at an accredited specialized school for alternative education were constructed and given meaning over time. The research participants were parents whose children attended Daram School between 2004 and 2018. Data were collected through participant observation and in-depth interviews conducted over a ten-year period, from 2009 to 2018, focusing on the participants’ stories of parental engagement in the educational community.
The parents’ narratives were broadly categorized into three themes: (1) motivations for choosing alternative education, (2) experiences of parental participation, and (3) the meanings attributed to those experiences. The narratives are summarized as follows.
Motivations for Choosing Alternative Education
Jinyoung’s father, who had prior experience with alternative education including cooperative childcare, chose alternative education as a means of continuing an alternative way of life. Dasol’s mother, who had consistently rejected private education, selected alternative education in search of alternative forms of relationships. Onyu’s mother and Sodam’s mother chose alternative education because they did not wish to enroll their children in mainstream schools. For these parents, the decision was accompanied by the expectation of achieving “two goals at once,” reflecting the hope that alternative education could simultaneously address multiple educational and relational needs.
Experiences of Parental Participation
Jinyoung’s father described experiencing a process in which diverse parental perspectives intersected and educational beliefs gradually evolved through participation in the educational community. At the same time, he expressed a sense of regret regarding the limited opportunities available for parental involvement. Dasol’s mother described finding reassurance through solidarity within the educational community by sharing her anxieties, while also expressing the hope that the community would remain open rather than exclusive.
Onyu’s mother and Sodam’s mother indicated that their educational perspectives evolved through interactions with other parents and participation in lectures on the school’s educational philosophy. In addition, Jinyoung’s father shared his experiences of alternative living with other fathers. At the research site, fathers often remarked, “fathers attend school as well,” and they tended to enjoy participation in playful and experiential ways.
Meanings Attributed to Parental Participation
Dasol’s mother described her experience as witnessing her child’s growth and expressed expectations for her child’s future as one characterized by a joyful life lived outside the mainstream. Onyu’s mother reported that she had stopped being a “directive mother,” noting that her relationship with her child had become more relaxed and comfortable. Sodam’s mother sensed her child’s potential to become a good adult and was deeply moved by the child’s unique and inherent possibilities. Jinyoung’s father reflected critically on his own desire for his child to attend a prestigious university. Across participants’ narratives, a shared meaning emerged: the parents prioritized their children’s existence and well-being above academic achievement or admission to a prestigious university.
Jinyoung’s father participated so actively that he described himself as saying, “My job is being a parent.” Sodam’s mother expressed pride in the personal transformation she experienced through alternative education and described herself as playing a seed-like role, nurturing growth by sharing her experiences with others. Onyu’s mother reported discovering previously unknown aspects of herself through participation and experiencing a strong sense of fulfillment. Across participants, these experiences were commonly characterized by a sense of fulfillment derived from engaged participation.
Dasol’s mother suggested creating space for parents who do not participate actively, allowing them opportunities to become involved. Onyu’s mother expressed understanding toward both participating and non-participating parents and wished to serve as a bridge between the two groups. Sharing a similar perspective, Sodam’s mother wrote a book reflecting her experiences. The meaning of these experiences is that the participants developed a nuanced understanding of others, bridging the gap between those who actively participated and those who did not.
Discussion
The researcher analyzed the participants’ narratives holistically by drawing on Clandinin and Connelly’s (2000) dimensions of temporality, sociality, and place, and discussed the findings through the theoretical lenses of Nancy (1986, 2001) and Blanchot (1983). Through parental participation, the participants enacted singularity, hospitality, and ethicality within the context of communal life. They experienced a form of community characterized by being “different yet together,” coming to live being-with the Other.
Beyond being merely “parents who chose an alternative school,” the participants began to question what it means to live as a parent. Their focus shifted from achievement-oriented aspirations, such as attending a prestigious university, toward an emphasis on their children’s existence and well-being. Through relational experiences of hospitality toward others different from the self, the participants developed more open and receptive perspectives toward their children, other parents, and the wider community. The community described was not bound by specific goals or instrumental purposes; rather, it can be understood as ‘The Inoperative Community’ (La Communauté désœuvrée), in which individuals are welcomed in their very being.
The participants’ experiences represent traces of coexistence in being-with. Following these traces, the distinct ways in which parents, students, teachers, and the school enact hospitality should become visible. Compared to the time of the participants’ experiences, the mainstream educational structure in 2025 is increasingly fragmented. Nevertheless, research on these experiences provides insights into the potential for communal life that may still emerge for contemporary parents. This study is expected to contribute not only to alternative education but also to broader educational discourse, serving as a case for reconsidering the meaning of parental participation and the role of educational communities within a competition-oriented mainstream schooling context.