In this thesis, we investigate the emergent behaviors of infinite sets of weakly coupled oscillators, with a focus on two prototypes: the Winfree model and the Lohe matrix model. Synchronization phenomena, where coupled oscillators adjust their rhythm...
In this thesis, we investigate the emergent behaviors of infinite sets of weakly coupled oscillators, with a focus on two prototypes: the Winfree model and the Lohe matrix model. Synchronization phenomena, where coupled oscillators adjust their rhythms through weak couplings, are pervasive in nature, and they have been actively studied after the pioneering works of Winfree and Kuramoto. In the first part of the thesis, we analyze the infinite Winfree model in three settings: continuous-time dynamics over a countable set of oscillators, its discrete-time analogue via the first-order Euler scheme, and the continuum model described by an integro-differential equation. For each framework, we rigorously establish sufficient conditions for the emergence of asymptotic patterns such as boundedness, quasi-steady states, equilibrium, stability and phase-locking. In particular, we show the uniform-in-time convergence of the discrete dynamics to the continuous one and the continuum limit.
In the second part, we deal with the infinite Lohe matrix model, which generalizes the Kuramoto model to the space of unitary matrices. We study the existence of quasi-steady states and the emergence of complete synchronization and state-locking under suitable conditions in terms of the system parameters and initial configuration. Our analysis reveals distinct emergent behaviors specific to the infinite-dimensional setting, which have no finite-dimensional counterparts. We employ nonlinear functionals to study relaxation phenomena to synchronized states. Overall, this thesis provides a comprehensive understanding of emergent collective dynamics in an infinite set of weakly coupled oscillators without relying on the mean-field approximation. It offers insights into synchronization, stability and convergence for first-order synchronization models.