Esports has emerged as one of the most rapidly growing forms of sports consumption, especially among digital-native generations. Among them, PlayerUnknown’s Battlegrounds (PUBG), the representative title of the battle royale genre, has evolved into ...
Esports has emerged as one of the most rapidly growing forms of sports consumption, especially among digital-native generations. Among them, PlayerUnknown’s Battlegrounds (PUBG), the representative title of the battle royale genre, has evolved into a global phenomenon that combines competitiveness and spectatability, forming a worldwide fandom and developing into a new type of sports media industry. As esports continues to gain influence comparable to that of traditional sports, it has become increasingly important to understand the factors that drive audiences to watch matches and determine how deeply and consistently they engage with them. However, most existing studies on esports viewership have mainly focused on single indicators such as “number of viewers” or “views,” thereby failing to fully capture the complex nature of audience behavior.
To address this gap, this study conducted a comprehensive analysis of PUBG esports viewing behavior by examining data from 252 matches across seven PUBG Global Series (PGS3–PGS9) tournaments held between 2024 and 2025.
The study utilized live-stream viewership data from eschart, a professional esports audience analytics agency, covering major platforms such as Twitch and YouTube.
Viewership behavior was divided into four distinct performance indicators: total watch time (duration of stay), official peak concurrent viewers (Official PCV) representing momentary intensity, average concurrent viewers (ACV) representing sustained engagement, and total peak concurrent viewers (Total PCV) indicating the overall reach of exposure.
A Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis was performed, incorporating both continuous and categorical variables. Independent variables included in-game indicators (kills, placement points, movement distance, damage, and chicken wins), map characteristics, team fandom size, and match importance.
The results revealed that combat rhythm (Kill variance), repeated victories (accumulated chicken wins), and team fandom size significantly increased both total watch time and average concurrent viewers, while excessive overall variability in match outcomes (Total variance) reduced audience retention. Matches with high importance, such as finals, tended to induce shorter but more intense viewing sessions.
The Miramar map consistently exhibited negative effects on total watch time, peak viewers, and ACV, demonstrating that map design and terrain characteristics play a key role in shaping audience immersion. Conversely, total PCV (views) was more influenced by external exposure factors—such as platform algorithms and promotional reach—than by in-game variables.
These findings indicate that PUBG esports viewership cannot be explained by a single measure of audience size. Instead, the dynamics of viewing behavior are determined by a combination of game rhythm, narrative development, fandom, and platform environment.
Accordingly, total watch time and average CCV reflect continuous engagement, peak concurrent viewers represent momentary intensity, and total PCV embodies audience reach.
By empirically identifying these distinctions, this study emphasizes that esports viewership should be understood not merely in terms of “how many people watched,” but rather “in what context and how deeply the content was consumed.” Furthermore, the study demonstrates that PUBG esports has evolved beyond being a simple game content into a sports media form with its own identity and industrial maturity, offering meaningful implications for the future direction of both esports research and industry development.