Precipitation plays an important role in the carbon cycle as a direct transporter of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from the atmosphere into terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, while also carrying atmospheric radiocarbon isotope (¹⁴C) signals that ...
Precipitation plays an important role in the carbon cycle as a direct transporter of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from the atmosphere into terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, while also carrying atmospheric radiocarbon isotope (¹⁴C) signals that offer valuable insight into carbon sources. A previous study by Cha et al. (2020) reported unusually high radiocarbon isotope ratio of DOC (Δ¹⁴C-DOC) during winter precipitation in Seoul, South Korea, yet it remains unclear whether such extreme values represent episodic events or recurring conditions associated with specific environmental drivers. In this study, precipitation samples were collected in Seoul from July 2024 to June 2025 and analyzed for DOC concentration ([DOC]), major ions, optical properties, molecular composition using liquid chromatography-organic carbon detection (LC-OCD), air mass origins, and Δ¹⁴C-DOC to investigate seasonal variability and potential DOC sources. Precipitation [DOC] ranged from 0.2 to 29.1 mg L-1 and exhibited clear seasonal variation, with higher concentrations in spring while the anthropogenic-related ions (NO₃⁻, SO₄²⁻, NH₄⁺) plays a critical role on the increased of [DOC] in recent data. Δ¹⁴C levels as elevated as in the previous study were not detected in the current study. All precipitation samples exhibited low Δ¹⁴C-DOC, from -385.5‰ to -11.4‰ indicating the precipitation DOC was predominantly derived from fossil fuel sources. These results suggest a potential shift in the dominant sources of precipitation DOC in Seoul and highlight the importance of continued monitoring to better understand temporal variability in atmospheric carbon sources and their transfer through precipitation.