According to the "4th Basic Plan for Multicultural Family Policy" announced by the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family in 2023, the number of members in multicultural households exceeded 1 million in 2018 and increased to 1.12 million (2.2% of the ...
According to the "4th Basic Plan for Multicultural Family Policy" announced by the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family in 2023, the number of members in multicultural households exceeded 1 million in 2018 and increased to 1.12 million (2.2% of the total population) in 2021. Although the annual number of multicultural marriages has decreased due to the recent spread of COVID-19, the cumulative number of marriage immigrants and naturalized citizens has continued to rise. Additionally, the proportion of long-term residents (15 years or more) and the elderly has also been steadily increasing.
The increase in multicultural children and adolescents has been even more rapid, with their numbers rising sharply by about 63%, from 107,000 in 2017 to 175,000 in 2021. According to education statistics, the total number of students in our society has decreased by about 7.9%, from 5.7 million in 2017 to 5.2 million in 2022. In contrast, the number of multicultural students has increased by about 54.2%, from 110,000 in 2017 to 170,000 in 2022, accounting for approximately 3.2% of all students.
Despite this quantitative increase, it is still true that conflicts arising from multiculturalism persist in many areas due to a society and culture that remains far from inclusive. According to the 2021 National Survey on Multicultural Families, 16.3% of respondents reported experiencing discrimination over the past year due to being of foreign origin. Of those who experienced discrimination, about 80% simply endured it without taking any action. The 2021 National Survey on Multicultural Acceptability showed that the acceptability of multiculturalism among adolescents had steadily increased from 67.63 points in 2015 to 71.39 points in 2021. However, the increase was minimal, rising only 0.17 points compared to three years earlier.
In this context, the present study aims to identify the factors that influence adolescents' acceptability of multiculturalism in preparation for a desirable multicultural society. Based on the analysis of these influencing factors, the study also seeks to examine which policies should be implemented.
The research method involved conducting a multiple regression analysis using the 2021 National Survey on Multicultural Acceptability. The dependent variable was adolescents' acceptability of multiculturalism, while the independent variables included positive, neutral, and negative contact with multiculturalism, as well as multicultural education. The study controlled for variables such as age, gender, perceived social class, region, and indirect contact with multiculturalism through media. Multicultural education was also considered as a moderating variable.
The analysis results showed that positive and neutral multicultural contact had statistically significant positive correlations with adolescents' acceptability of multiculturalism, while negative contact had a negative correlation with the dependent variable. Although multicultural education showed a significant positive correlation, it did not exhibit a moderating effect on positive, neutral, or negative contact. Among the control variables, indirect contact through media had a positive correlation with the dependent variable.
Based on these findings, future government policies should focus on strengthening positive and neutral contact in school education settings and youth activities. Additionally, it is suggested that programs be developed at a preemptive level to prevent negative contact before it occurs.
However, this study has limitations, as it did not include qualitative research on the duration or patterns of each type of contact. It is believed that better results could be obtained if such research is supplemented in the future.