This study empirically examines the effectiveness of expansionary fiscal policy using the nonlinear local projection method. It investigates how government expenditure and tax-cut shocks affect key macroeconomic variables across business cycle regimes...
This study empirically examines the effectiveness of expansionary fiscal policy using the nonlinear local projection method. It investigates how government expenditure and tax-cut shocks affect key macroeconomic variables across business cycle regimes, focusing on the patterns of impulse responses and the magnitude of fiscal multipliers. The main findings can be summarized as follows. First, the effects of unanticipated government expenditure shocks are larger than those of anticipated shocks, suggesting that the effectiveness of fiscal policy depends on the timing of policy implementation and the predictability. Second, the state-dependent model indicates that the government spending multipliers tend to be larger during expansions than during recessions, which contrasts with most of the previous studies. Moreover, tax-cut shocks are more effective in the short run, showing stronger immediate impacts than government spending shocks. Finally, when government expenditure and tax-cut policies are implemented simultaneously, the output responses to government expenditure shocks become stronger in the short run relative to single-policy shocks, but the effects are less persistent, likely reflecting concerns over fiscal sustainability.