With the rapid advancement of next-generation display technologies, there is a growing demand for cover glass that simultaneously provides high resolution, high luminance, and improved mechanical durability. In particular to mitigate both surface refl...
With the rapid advancement of next-generation display technologies, there is a growing demand for cover glass that simultaneously provides high resolution, high luminance, and improved mechanical durability. In particular to mitigate both surface reflection, which degrades outdoor visibility, and damage caused by everyday friction and impact, anti-reflection (AR) coatings and high-hardness surface treatments have emerged as key technologies. However, most commercial AR coatings and related studies have primarily focused on reducing reflectance in specific wavelength ranges, and have been reported to fall short of simultaneously satisfying scratch resistance under repeated friction and color neutrality required to preserve the original display color performance. In addition, many AR coating studies based on conventional inorganic materials such as SiO2, MgF2, and Si3N4 have concentrated on either reflectance or hardness alone, or have not quantitatively evaluated color coordinates and color difference (ΔE*), making it difficult to derive robust design guidelines for cover-glass applications. Furthermore, although Corning has reported patents that aim to improve reflectance, surface hardness, and color neutrality simultaneously, those patents are based on different material systems and layer architectures from this work, and no commercial products using the disclosed structures have been confirmed to date. To overcome these limitations in prior studies, a systematic investigation of multilayer thin-film structures that simultaneously consider optical and mechanical properties has been required.
In order to realize a multifunctional cover-glass coating that enhances reflectance and surface hardness while maintaining color neutrality, this study designed and fabricated multilayer films in which low-refractive-index SiO2 and high-refractive-index, high-hardness ZrO2 were alternately deposited. Rather than merely reporting the performance of a single structure, the number of layers was selected as a key structural degree of freedom, and three representative designs with 4 layers (4L), 6 layers (6L), and 8 layers (8L) were comparatively analyzed. In addition, to examine the behavior of excessively increased layer counts, a 12-layer (12L) structure was evaluated as a reference, so as to clarify how increasing the number of layers gives rise to trade-off relationships among reflectance, color coordinates, and hardness.
To quantitatively establish design criteria for SiO2/ZrO2 multilayer coatings for cover-glass applications, clear target values were defined for optical, color, and mechanical properties. Multilayer interference conditions were applied to achieve an average reflectance below 1% in the visible range (400–700 nm), and a color difference ΔE* ≤ 2 with respect to the origin of the CIE color space was set as the color-neutrality target in order to preserve display color reproduction. At the same time, the thickness and stacking position of the high-hardness ZrO2 layers were tuned to achieve a surface hardness of at least 10 GPa, compared with 7.9 GPa for the bare glass substrate. To satisfy these multiple targets simultaneously, each layer-number design was evaluated in terms of its reflectance spectrum, ΔE*, and nano-indentation hardness, and the measured performance was compared with the design goals. Through this analysis, the study elucidated how specific layer numbers and cumulative ZrO2 thickness determine the balance among AR performance, hardness, and color neutrality.
In summary, this work aimed to meet the requirements of next-generation display cover glass by employing SiO2/ZrO2 multilayer structures to simultaneously achieve low reflectance, color neutrality, and high hardness. To this end, the multilayer designs were optimized to use the minimum number of layers that can realize these three targets while minimizing process-induced variability and cost. The results provide guidance on structural design and allowable process windows for SiO2/ZrO2-based multifunctional AR coatings, and are expected to serve as a foundation for future studies on scale-up to large-area processing, long-term reliability, and wear resistance.