Although advances in circuit design and quantum control have improved the coherence of superconducting quantum circuits, microwave losses arising from the intrinsic properties of constituent materials remain a primary limitation. Identifying and under...
Although advances in circuit design and quantum control have improved the coherence of superconducting quantum circuits, microwave losses arising from the intrinsic properties of constituent materials remain a primary limitation. Identifying and understanding these decoherence mechanisms requires research at the material level, which in turn requires the development of precise measurement techniques and quantitative analysis of superconducting thin films. This thesis introduces an experimental framework for characterizing basic superconducting length scales, specifically the superconducting coherence length and the London penetration depth.
The superconductivity of titanium nitride (TiN) thin films was investigated using upper critical field measurements. Analysis of the pronounced anisotropy between the in-plane and out-of-plane critical fields, along with the observed temperature-dependent dimensional crossover, indicates that superconductivity is confined to an effective thickness that is even smaller than the nominal value. These results provide quantitative evidence for the presence of an interfacial dead layer in which the superconductivity is strongly suppressed. Furthermore, this transport-based analysis suggests that it can serve as a non-destructive method for evaluating interface quality and effective superconducting volume in disordered systems.
To measure the London penetration depth, a key parameter for characterizing and exploring superconductivity, the electrodynamic response of superconducting films was examined using the two-coil mutual inductance technique (TCMI). Aluminum thin films served as a standard system to validate both the experimental setup and the numerical inversion code. The measured temperature dependence of the penetration depth aligns with conventional s-wave BCS theory, yielding a zero-temperature penetration depth λ(0) of 45 nm, consistent with well-known bulk values.
These methodologies enable high-throughput characterization, which is essential for optimizing superconducting films for quantum circuits. Moreover, this capability allows a systematic separation of geometry-dependent circuit effects from intrinsic material-loss mechanisms. This distinction provides a practical pathway toward improving coherence by addressing material limitations at their origin.