This paper examines whether a refined profitability measure provides a unifying explanation for major cross-sectional strategy returns in the Korean stock market. I construct the R&D-adjusted profitability factor of Novy-Marx and Medhat (2025) and...
This paper examines whether a refined profitability measure provides a unifying explanation for major cross-sectional strategy returns in the Korean stock market. I construct the R&D-adjusted profitability factor of Novy-Marx and Medhat (2025) and compare it with the traditional gross profitability factor of Novy-Marx (2013). Using portfolio tests and factor-model comparisons, I study the relation between profitability and three families of strategies such as quality, defensive equity, and alternative value. Profitability is closely related to these strategies in Korea but does not subsume them uniformly. In particular, profitability does not fully absorb quality or defensive equity returns, while the evidence for alternative value is more consistent with a factor-rotation view in which profitability helps account for much of their apparent abnormal performance. Overall, improved profitability measurement sharpens the profitability channel, but it does not deliver a unifying resolution for these strategies.