A tiltrotor aircraft has been widely utilized because it integrated the traits of both fixed- and rotary-wing aircraft. During takeoff and landing, the aircraft operates just as a rotary-wing aircraft, with its both nacelles mounted at the tip of the ...
A tiltrotor aircraft has been widely utilized because it integrated the traits of both fixed- and rotary-wing aircraft. During takeoff and landing, the aircraft operates just as a rotary-wing aircraft, with its both nacelles mounted at the tip of the fixed main wing positioned vertically. In contrast, during the cruise flight, particularly when high-speed forward flight is required, both nacelles will be rotated downward into a horizontal orientation, thereby producing substantial forward thrust. Due to such capability, unlike a conventional aircraft, tiltrotor aircraft does not require a long runway for operation.
Traditionally, tiltrotor aircraft has employed a mechanism where the entire nacelle tilts during mode conversion, as exemplified by XV-15 and V-22 Osprey. However, with advance in modern flight control technology enabling significantly more precise actuation, recent tiltrotor design has adopted the so-called ‘tilt-rotor-only’ mechanism, where only the forward assembly of the nacelle—including the rotor and spinner cone assemblies—is tilted. Such configuration is known to increase the lifespan of internal nacelle hardware, since the engine and associated system remain fixed during the conversion. Moreover, because the engine remains in a horizontal orientation regardless of the flight mode, the exhaust jet will not be directed downward, thereby reducing potential damage to the sideward of aircraft fuselage and enhancing ground crew safety during the ground operation.
The present thesis suggests to design and evaluate the characteristics of a nacelle employing the ‘tilt-rotor-only’ mechanism in comparison with the conventional full-nacelle tilting system. For the baseline configuration, the main wing and nacelle of the XV-15 tiltrotor are reverse-engineered using the available design result and technical manuals. The resulting one is refined to ensure that its aeroelastic, structural, and modal characteristics are consistent with those of the original XV-15 wing–nacelle hardware. Based on such validated baseline, a new nacelle configuration incorporating the ‘tilt-rotor-only’ mechanism will be obtained. In this configuration, structural components such as the locations of the formers and longerons are carefully determined with respect to the weight of the engine and other major internal subsystems.
To quantitatively assess the advantages and characteristics of the proposed nacelle configuration, aeroelastic, structural robustness, and dynamic analyses will be performed using CAMRAD II, ANSYS, and RecurDyn. Furthermore, an aeroelastic assessment especially regarding to the whirl flutter instability in the high-speed cruise flight will be analyzed. Results indicate that the present nacelle provides the sufficient structural robustness and dynamic benefits while maintaining an aeroelastic margin comparable to that of the conventional design.
The findings regarding to the characteristics of the present design of the tiltrotor aircraft are expected to contribute to future detailed design effort for tiltrotor aircraft nacelle incorporating the ‘tilt-rotor-only’ mechanism.