The automotive industry has been a key driver of national economic growth, owing to its extensive industrial linkages and high employment capacity. However, the transition toward electric vehicles (EVs) has been fundamentally reshaping the entire indu...
The automotive industry has been a key driver of national economic growth, owing to its extensive industrial linkages and high employment capacity. However, the transition toward electric vehicles (EVs) has been fundamentally reshaping the entire industry. This dissertation examines the effect of the EV transition on industrial evolution. Each chapter investigates how the EV transition induces structural transformations at the firm, supply chain, and regional economy levels. This dissertation contributes to the academic discussion on technological transition and offers policy implications for governments seeking to promote sustainable industrial development.
Chapter 2 provides a theoretical foundation by reviewing major frameworks on technological transition. The transition theory is examined through lenses of evolutionary economics, innovation systems, and systemic reconfiguration to explain how industries evolve in response to technological and institutional changes. Then, the sociotechnical transition framework, which includes the sociotechnical system and multilevel perspective, is discussed to illustrate dynamic interactions between niche innovations, incumbent regimes, and broader socioeconomic landscapes. Finally, the sociotechnical transition toward EVs is highlighted, demonstrating its significance in understanding the ongoing transformation of the automotive industry.
Chapter 3 investigates productivity disparities among different firms during the EV transition using meta-frontier analysis. Firms are classified into internal combustion engine vehicle-focused, EV-focused, and mixed groups, and their technical efficiencies, technology gap ratios, and meta-frontier efficiencies are compared. The meta-frontier analysis provides empirical insights about the effect of technological adoption strategies on productivity and highlights the strategic implications of firm behaviors during periods of technological transition.
Chapter 4 analyzes how the EV transition has reshaped the industrial network structure. To this end, supply chain networks and changes in regional centrality are examined using inter-firm transaction data from 2008–2021. The findings reveal that the supply chain moved from traditional centralized industrial hubs to a more distributed structure as the transition progressed. This shift is accompanied by the emergence of new regional centers, indicating a gradual transformation from a highly hierarchical structure toward a more diversified industrial network.
Chapter 5 explores the effect of the EV transition on regional economic growth through a fixed-effects panel regression analysis of region-level data. The effect of network centrality on the gross regional domestic product is examined, and the moderating effects of industrial specialization and diversity are evaluated. The results confirm that excessive specialization and highly concentrated network structures have a negative effect despite the stronger growth in the regions with higher centrality. The most significant economic growth is observed in regions where centrality, specialization, and diversity are balanced, which suggests that structural flexibility and industrial equilibrium are essential for maintaining regional resilience during technological transitions.
Chapter 6 concludes the dissertation by summarizing the main findings, highlighting the theoretical and practical implications, and suggesting directions for future research. This dissertation empirically analyzes the effect of the EV transition across multiple levels, offering an integrated perspective to inform industrial policy design and strategic decision making.