Superconductivity has attracted continuous interest since its discovery, and extensive efforts have been devoted to discovering new superconductors and exploring their practical applications. Among them, rare-earth based cuprate superconductors, REBa2...
Superconductivity has attracted continuous interest since its discovery, and extensive efforts have been devoted to discovering new superconductors and exploring their practical applications. Among them, rare-earth based cuprate superconductors, REBa2Cu3O7−δ (REBCO, RE = rare-earth), have been widely investigated due to their high superconducting transition temperature (Tc) and large critical current density (Jc). With these properties, REBCO bulks and coated conductors (CCs) have been widely used in practical applications such as trapped-field magnets and superconducting power devices, where their ability to carry large currents is essential. Despite the high Jc and excellent in-field performance of REBCO, further increases in Jc are demanded as application demands continue to increase and performance requirements continue to grow. Thus, enhancing Jc requires strengthening vortex pinning, and identifying effective routes to optimize the pinning landscape remains a central issue for the applications of REBCO superconductors. In this thesis, a systematic study of rare-earth substitution in REBCO was carried out to investigate its effects on Jc and vortex pinning.
Firstly, the effects of Ho substitution on Jc and vortex pinning in (Gd1-xHox)Ba2Cu3O7−δ (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) single grains and polycrystalline samples were systematically investigated. The superconducting transition temperature remained nearly unchanged with x, indicating that Ho substitution does not significantly degrade the intrinsic superconducting properties. The trapped-field measurement on the single grain did not reveal additional effect induced by Ho substitution. In contrast, a pronounced enhancement of Jc was observed at x = 0.5, particularly over a broad range of temperatures and magnetic fields, and this trend was consistently observed in both polycrystalline and single grain. To clarify the origin of this enhancement, the temperature dependence of Jc and the normalized pinning force under various magnetic fields were analyzed. The results suggest that Ho substitution introduces an additional contribution to vortex pinning beyond the conventional pinning mechanisms typically observed in REBCO single grain system.
Secondly, (Gd1-xHox)Ba2Cu3O7−δ thin films (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) were fabricated by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) to reproduce the trends observed in the single grain and polycrystalline samples, allowing a more detailed investigation of the enhancement of Jc and the underlying vortex pinning mechanisms in thin film form. Structural characterization confirmed high crystalline quality of the PLD grown films. Transport I-V measurements showed that Jc was maximized at x = 0.5 in the low-field regime. However, unlike the bulk samples, the x = 0.5 films did not show a clear Jc enhancement at higher fields. This difference may be related to the strong angular dependence of Jc in REBCO films, motivating further angular-dependent Jc(θ) measurements.
These findings demonstrate that rare earth site substitution can provide a viable pathway to reinforce vortex pinning while maintaining Tc, offering a practical route toward enhancing Jc for superconducting applications of REBCO.