Advancing all solid state batteries (ASSBs) requires resolving interfacial instabilities at the anode|solid electrolyte (SE) interface that manifest as void formation, dendritic growth and interfacial degradation. This dissertation establishes an elem...
Advancing all solid state batteries (ASSBs) requires resolving interfacial instabilities at the anode|solid electrolyte (SE) interface that manifest as void formation, dendritic growth and interfacial degradation. This dissertation establishes an elemental design framework for advanced anodes that integrates alloy chemistry, interlayer architecture, and atomic mobility to achieve stable ASSB anode interfaces under practical operating conditions.
Chapter 1 introduces the rationale for an elemental design approach and delineates the mechanistic links between interfacial chemistry, Li+ flux, and chemo mechanical integrity.
Building on this, Chapter 2 presents the dual-mode alloy interlayer for Li metal anodes that achieves stable cycling under practical conditions, effectively suppressing void formation and maintaining interfacial contact. In this configuration, a Li-rich solid-solution alloy provides fast ionic transport while a mechanically reinforced intermetallic phase maintains structural continuity. This balance between ionic mobility and interfacial continuity represents electrochemical homeostasis, where the interlayer autonomously accommodates electro‑chemo‑mechanical fluctuations during operation.
Extending the framework to anode-free architectures, Chapter 3 compares blend-type interlayers with their intermetallic counterparts. Distinct microstructural connectivity produces contrasting diffusion pathways and depth wise elemental distributions, leading to marked differences in lithiation uniformity and reversibility.
Chapter 4 investigates Mg2X (X = Si, Ge and Sn) interlayers to reveal how non Li atomic mobility governs elemental rearrangement within the interlayer. Despite exhibiting similar Li plating morphology and kinetics, interlayers show markedly different reversibility. This divergence arises from distinct elemental rearrangement within the interlayer, indicating that interlayer stability relies on not only Li transport but also the coordinated movement of non-Li elements.
Altogether, this dissertation consolidates elemental design as the organizing principle for engineering advanced anodes in ASSBs. By leveraging a mechanistic understanding of elemental behavior, it demonstrates how rational elemental design can transform the electro-chemo-mechanical landscape of solid-state interfaces, advancing the realization of reliable, high-energy ASSBs.