Chemoresistive gas sensors have emerged as promising platforms for real-time, low-power, and miniaturized gas detection. Specifically, transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD)-based chemoresistors have garnered significant attention because of their dist...
Chemoresistive gas sensors have emerged as promising platforms for real-time, low-power, and miniaturized gas detection. Specifically, transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD)-based chemoresistors have garnered significant attention because of their distinct advantage of abundant reactive edge sites that facilitate high sensitivity at low temperature. However, their practical implementation remains limited by inherently low chemical selectivity, as surface charge-transfer reactions frequently yield indistinguishable responses to chemically similar gas species. This dissertation addresses this fundamental bottleneck by proposing rational molecular-sieving strategies to impart high selectivity to TMD–based chemoresistive sensors through controlled gas-permeation engineering.
In the first part of this study, highly selective hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) sensing is achieved by integrating two-dimensional metal–organic framework (2D MOF) membranes, specifically ZIF-L, onto SnS2 sensing layers via a solution-processable coating method. The resulting monolithic ZIF-L/SnS2 heterostructure exhibits unprecedented H2S selectivity and sensitivity among reported TMD-based sensors, attributed to size-exclusion and polarity-driven adsorption mechanisms corroborated by first-principles calculations. The 2D–2D architecture also provides excellent mechanical flexibility, enabling potential use in wearable sensing systems.
In the second part, selective ammonia (NH3) detection is realized through the development of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) comprising ZIF-7 sheets embedded within a polysulfone matrix. These membranes address the mechanical fragility and poor processability of pure MOF films while enabling defect-free, tunable molecular-sieving layers. The ZIF-7/PSU MMM selectively facilitates NH₃ transport while suppressing larger interferents such as trimethylamine and hydrogen sulfide. Systematic investigations reveal the critical roles of filler loading, filler type, sheet morphology, and polymer–filler interactions—including polymer rigidification at high filler concentrations—in governing gas-transport behavior and sensing performance.
Collectively, this work establishes a generalizable design of filter layer/sensing layer heterostructure for enhancing the selectivity of chemoresistive gas sensors through MOF-based molecular-sieving architectures. The insights and methodologies demonstrated here provide a foundation for next-generation gas-sensing platforms and hold broader implications for electrochemical and catalytic systems where precise molecular transport is essential.