Introduction: Parents of children with developmental disabilities have poorer health than the general population, yet evidence on whether their healthcare needs are adequately met remains limited. High caregiving burden may not only deteriorate caregi...
Introduction: Parents of children with developmental disabilities have poorer health than the general population, yet evidence on whether their healthcare needs are adequately met remains limited. High caregiving burden may not only deteriorate caregivers’ health but also hinder access to healthcare, potentially widening the gap between health needs and care utilization. To address this gap, this study examined the association of perceived caregiving burden with health outcomes and unmet healthcare needs among parents of children with developmental disabilities in South Korea.
Methods: Nationwide cross-sectional survey data from 2,167 parents who were primary caregivers of children with developmental disabilities were analyzed. Perceived caregiving burden was measured using a single item asking, “Overall, how burdensome do you find caring for or looking after your child with developmental disabilities?” Physical frailty, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms were assessed using the K-FRAIL scale, CES-D11, and GAD-7, respectively. Sleep problems were defined as having any of the following symptoms: poor sleep quality, unrestful sleep, or reliance on alcohol or sleep medication. Unmet healthcare needs were measured in two domains: general medical care and dental care. Modified Poisson regression with robust error variance was applied to examine the association of perceived caregiving burden with health outcomes and unmet healthcare needs, adjusting for parental sociodemographic characteristics and child-related factors.
Results: High perceived caregiving burden was associated with greater risks of multiple adverse health outcomes, including physical frailty (PR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.00–4.35), depressive symptoms (PR: 2.20, 95% CI: 1.80–2.68), anxiety symptoms (PR: 3.71, 95% CI: 2.41–5.71), poor sleep quality (PR: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.58–2.58), unrestful sleep (PR: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.44–1.93), reliance on alcohol or sleep medication (PR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.20–2.04), and sleep problems (PR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.36–1.74). High perceived caregiving burden was also associated with unmet healthcare needs: parents with high burden had a 1.61 times higher prevalence (95% CI: 1.32–1.95) of unmet general medical care needs and a 1.53 times higher prevalence (95% CI: 1.26–1.86) of unmet dental care needs than those with low burden.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that high perceived caregiving burden is associated with adverse health outcomes as well as unmet healthcare needs among parents of children with developmental disabilities.