성차별을 경험한 여성 교역자의 성역할 정체성 형성에 관한 내러티브 탐구

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 성차별적 구조 속에서 사역하는 여성 교역자의 성역할 정체
성이 어떻게 형성되고 변화되어 왔는지를 탐구하는 것을 목적으로 하였다.
연구 방법으로는 참여자들의 경험을 이해하고, 그 의미를 심층적으로 드러
내기 위하여 클래디닌과 코넬리의 내러티브 탐구방법을 사용하였다.
연구 목적에 따른 연구문제는 첫째, 연구 참여자들의 과거 삶의 이야기
가 어떻게 현재의 성역할 정체성 형성 경험을 구성하는가, 둘째, 연구 참
여자들이 성차별적인 사역 현장에서 형성하는 성역할 정체성 경험의 이야
기는 어떠한가, 셋째, 연구 참여자들이 성차별적인 사역 현장에서 형성해
가는 성역할 정체성 경험의 의미는 어떠한가이다.
본 연구를 위해 남녀 차별적 환경에서 사역 경험이 있는 세 명의 여성
교역자를 연구 참여자로 선정하였다. 자료 수집은 2025년 6월부터 2025년
8월까지 수차례에 걸친 면담, 전화통화, 이메일 등의 방법을 통해 이루어
졌다. 연구 참여자들의 성역할 경험과 그 의미의 분석은 내러티브 탐구방
법의 3차원적 내러티브 탐구 공간에서 이루어졌다.
연구 참여자 A, B, C의 성역할 정체성 경험의 의미는 다음과 같다.
첫째, A는 남아 선호와 가부장제 속에서 ‘버려진 돌’로 출발하였다. 이후
남동생의 죽음과 심리적 붕괴를 겪으며 자신을 ‘무너진 돌’로 인식했으나,
하나님과의 만남을 통해 다시 일어서게 되었다. A는 사역의 길에서 여성
성을 감추고 남성과 경쟁하는 ‘단단한 차돌’ 정체성을 형성했으나, 반복된
성차별을 경험하면서 자신이 ‘깨진 항아리’가 됐음을 자각하게 되었다. 그
결과 A는 강함을 과시하는 여성성에서 벗어나 온유와 부드러움의 여성성
을 회복함으로써, 하나님 안에서 세워지는 ‘모퉁이돌’로 재구성되었다.
둘째, B는 서열과 차별이 없는 가정에서 성장했으나, 결혼 이후 아버지
의 죽음과 시집살이라는 삶의 역류를 경험하였다. 생사의 기로에서 B는
하나님을 새로운 아버지로 만나 소명자로 세워지게 되었다. 이후 교회 내
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위계적 여성문화와 남성 중심 구조에 대해 비판적으로 인식하고, 교회 안
의 종속적 여성 교역자 대신 외부기관과 팀 사역이라는 ‘자신의 본류’를
선택하였다. B는 고난의 경험에서 나온 체험적 말씀과 모성성을 사역의
자원으로 환류시키며, ‘여성도 저렇게 사역할 수 있다’는 대안적 모델을 제
시하고 있다.
셋째, C는 다섯 살에 아버지를 잃고 생존을 위해 일찍부터 멍에를 멘
삶을 살았다. 첫째니까 잘해야 했던 C는 무한책임을 내면화했고, 어머니와
는 보호와 짐이 얽힌 융합적 관계였다. 그러나 20대 중반 실존적 질문과
신앙을 통해 자기 삶의 주체로 분리, 독립하게 되었다. 이후 C는 남성 중
심 교회 구조 속에서도 ‘사역자’라는 정체성을 가지고 흔들리지 않는다. C
는 자신에게 맡겨진 자리를 완주하는 길을 선택하였고, 성별 이분법을 넘
어 ‘있는 그대로의 나’를 긍정하는 자기 수용의 단계에 이르렀다.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서 론 ····················································································· 1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 ······························································ 1
• 2. 연구 질문 ······················································································ 6
• 3. 연구 방법 ······················································································ 6
• 1) 내러티브 탐구의 개념 ······························································· 6
• 2) 내러티브 탐구의 특성 ······························································· 8
• 3) 내러티브 탐구의 절차 ······························································· 11
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 ········································································ 18
• 1. 한국 기독교의 여성 교역자 이해 ············································ 18
• 1) 초기 전도부인의 활동과 역할 ··············································· 18
• 2) 교회의 제도화와 여성 교역자의 역할 ································· 22
• 3) 현대 여성 교역자의 사역 실태 ············································· 22
• 2. 성역할 정체성 이해 ···································································· 25
• 1) 성역할에 대한 성경적 이해 ··················································· 25
• 2) 성역할 정체성에 대한 심리학적 이해 ································· 30
• Ⅲ. 연구절차와 과정 ································································ 40
• 1. 현장으로 들어가기 ······································································ 40
• 1) 나의 이야기 ··············································································· 40
• 2) 연구 참여자 선정과 모집과정 ··············································· 52
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• 3) 자료 수집 및 자료 분석 ························································· 52
• 4) 연구의 신뢰도와 윤리적 고려 ················································· 53
• 5) 연구 참여자 소개 ······································································· 55
• 2. 현장에서 현장 텍스트로 이동하기 ·········································· 57
• 3. 현장 텍스트 구성하기 ································································ 58
• : 성역할 정체성 경험에 관한 이야기
• 1) A 여성 교역자의 이야기 ························································ 58
• 2) B 여성 교역자의 이야기 ························································ 80
• 3) C 여성 교역자의 이야기 ························································103
• Ⅳ. 연구결과 ··············································································122
• 1. 현장 텍스트에서 연구 텍스트로 이동하기 ····························122
• 2. 연구 텍스트 작성하기: 다시 이야기하기 ······························ 123
• 1) A가 삶에서 형성한 성역할 정체성과 그 의미 ··················123
• 2) B가 삶에서 형성한 성역할 정체성과 그 의미 ·················· 130
• 3) C가 삶에서 형성한 성역할 정체성과 그 의미 ·················· 137
• Ⅴ. 결 론 ·····················································································143
• 1. 요 약 ······························································································143
• 2. 논 의 ······························································································147
• 1) 개인적 정당성 ···········································································147
• 2) 실제적 정당성 ···········································································149
• 3) 사회적 정당성 ···········································································150
• 3. 제 언 ······························································································152
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• 참고문헌 ······················································································153
• Abstract ·····················································································159
• 부 록 ····························································································162
• 1. 연구 참여 동의서 ········································································162
• 2. 연구 질문지 ··················································································163