장애자녀 상실 중년 여성의 미술치료 경험에 관한 내러티브 탐구

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 장애자녀를 상실한 중년여성이 미술치료에 참여하면서 어떠 한 변화를 경험하고, 그러한 미술치료 경험이 삶의 의미를 어떻게 재구성 해 가는지를 내러티브 탐구의 관점에서 이해하고자 하였다. 연구대상자는 장애자녀의 상실 이후에 수반되는 복합상실의 감정을 억압한 채 살아가고 있던 중년 여성으로, 본 연구에서는 이러한 복합 상실의 경험이 미술치료 과정 속에서 어떻게 재구성되는지를 탐색하였다.
본 연구의 방법은 내러티브 탐구로, 우울증 진단을 받은 50대 중반의 장애자녀 상실을 경험한 중년여성을 대상으로 주 1-2회, 회기 당 90분씩 총 22회기의 미술치료를 실시하였다. 미술치료의 진행은 초기단계<상실의 애도, 감정의 탐색>, 중기단계<자기성찰과 수용, 치유와 회복>, 후기단계 <자아의 통합, 미래의 희망>로 구성하여 진행하였다. 연구 자료의 수집은 각 단계별 주요 그림 작품과 미술치료 과정의 축어록, 연구대상자와의 자 기보고 및 심층면담과 연구자의 관찰 기록을 통해서 수집하였으며, Clandinin와 Connelly(2004)의 내러티브 탐구방법의 단계를 따라 자료를 수집하고 해석하였다. 이를 바탕으로 한 본 연구의 결론은 다음과 같다.
첫째, 초기 단계에서는 연구대상자의 억압되어 있던 장애자녀 상실의 감정과 심리적 외상을 그림으로 투사하여 표출하였다. 그러한 과정속에서 건강한 애도의 과정을 경험하였고, 부정적 정서가 점차 긍정적 정서로 전 환되는 변화를 보였다.
둘째, 중기 단계에서는 장애자녀 상실과 함께 수반되어진 가족과의 관 계 상실의 감정을 그림에 표출하였다. 그로 인해 자신과 가족의 욕구와 감정을 이해하고 수용하는 관계회복의 변화가 나타났으며, 정서적 안정과 더불어 우울의 증상이 완화되는 변화를 보였다.
셋째, 후기 단계에서는 부정적 자아상에서 긍정적 자아상을 보여주는 그림으로 변화되면서 자아정체성 상실의 회복과 함께 삶을 향한 미래 희 망이 형성되는 변화를 보였다.
이러한 결과를 통해서 미술치료 경험의 과정이 장애자녀를 상실한 중년 여성의 복합상실 경험을 완화하는 것을 넘어, 삶의 서사를 재구성하는 내 러티브적 치유 공간으로 기능함을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구는 장애 자녀 상실을 경험한 중년여성의 미술치료 경험에 대한 내러티브 탐구로 써, 기존 연구의 공백을 메우고 향후 장애 자녀 상실 부모를 위한 미술치 료 연구 및 임상적 적용에 기초자료를 제공하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 국문초록 ····························································································Ⅳ
• Ⅰ. 서 론
• 1. 연구자 내러티브 ·························································································1
• 2. 연구의 필요성과 목적 ···············································································3
• 3. 연구 퍼즐 ·····································································································7
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경
• 1. 상실 ···············································································································8
• 1) 상실의 의미 ···························································································8
• 2) 장애자녀 부모의 상실···········································································9
• 2. 중년기 여성 ·······························································································12
• 1) 중년기 여성의 특성 ···········································································12
• 2) 중년기 여성의 상실 ·············································································14
• 3. 미술치료·····································································································15
• 1) 미술치료의 정의 ·················································································15
• 2) 상실과 미술치료 ·················································································17
• Ⅲ. 연구방법 및 절차
• 1. 내러티브 탐구···························································································22
• - I -2. 내러티브 탐구 절차·················································································25
• 1) 현장으로 들어가기 ···············································································26
• (1) 연구대상자·························································································26
• (2) 연구대상자의 가족 ·········································································27
• 2) 현장에서 현장텍스트로 들어가기 ·····················································29
• (1) 연구기간과 장소···············································································30
• (2) 미술치료의 주제구성 ·······································································30
• 3) 현장 텍스트 구성하기·········································································33
• 4) 현장텍스트에서 연구텍스트로 이동하기 ·········································34
• 5) 연구텍스트 구성하기 ···········································································34
• 3. 연구의 타당도와 신뢰도 ·········································································35
• 4. 연구대상자에 대한 윤리적 고려···························································36
• Ⅳ. 연구결과
• 1. 미술치료 경험이야기···············································································37
• 1) 첫 번째 이야기·····················································································37
• 2) 두 번째 이야기·····················································································40
• 3) 세 번째 이야기·····················································································43
• 4) 네 번째 이야기·····················································································46
• 5) 다섯 번째 이야기 ·················································································49
• 6) 여섯 번째 이야기 ·················································································51
• 7) 일곱 번째 이야기 ·················································································54
• 8) 여덟 번째 이야기 ·················································································56
• 9) 아홉 번째 이야기 ·················································································59
• 10) 열 번째 이야기···················································································60
• 11) 열 한번 번째 이야기·········································································62
• 12) 열두 번째 이야기 ···············································································64
• 13) 열세 번째 이야기 ···············································································66
• 14) 열네 번째 이야기 ···············································································67
• 15) 열다섯 번째 이야기 ···········································································70
• 16) 열여섯 번째 이야기 ···········································································72
• 17) 열일곱 번째 이야기 ···········································································76
• 18) 열여덟 번째 이야기 ···········································································78
• 19) 열아홉 번째 이야기 ···········································································81
• 20) 스무 번째 이야기 ···············································································83
• 21) 스물한 번째 이야기 ···········································································86
• 22) 스물두 번째 이야기 ···········································································88
• 2. 미술치료 경험의 의미 ···········································································90
• 1) 억압된 감정을 표현하는 도구가 되다·············································90
• 2) 나의 마음을 보여주는 거울이 되다 ·················································91
• 3) 상실을 애도하며 떠나보내는 시간이 되다 ·····································92
• 4) 진정으로 소중한 것을 발견하고 알게 되다 ···································93
• 5) 제 2의 인생으로 한걸음, 나아가는 디딤돌이 되다 ····················95
• Ⅴ. 논의 및 결론 ············································································97
• 참고문헌·····················································································103
• 부록 1. 연구동의서 ···································································115