사막 전통의 영성이 기독교 청소년의 영성 형성에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 오늘날 한국 교회와 기독교 청소년이 경험하는 영 적 갈급함과 영성훈련의 부재, 그리고 자기중심적, 성과주의적 문화가 야기한 정체성 혼란의 문제를 진단하고, 이에 대한 대안으로서 ‘사막 전통’(the desert traditions)의 영성과 영성훈련이 지니는 의미와 적용 가능성을 탐구한다. 사막 전통은 주후 3–4세기 이집트, 시리아, 팔레스 틴 지역을 중심으로 전개된 수도적 영성 운동으로서, 안토니우스, 파코 미우스, 에바그리우스, 요한 카시안과 같은 사막 교부들을 통해 체계화 되었다. 이들은 금욕, 고독, 노동, 기도와 묵상이라는 영성훈련을 통해 하나님과의 관계를 중심으로 인간 내면의 정화와 변형을 추구하였으며, 그 결과는 개인적 신비 체험에 머무르지 않고 공동체적 삶과 이웃 사 랑의 실천으로 확장되었다.
이러한 사막 전통의 영성과 영성훈련은 기독교 청소년의 영성 형성에 활용될 수 있다. 금욕의 형태로서 디지털 금식, 일상생활 속의 끊임없는 기도로서 디지털 화살기도, 고독과 침묵 훈련으로서 디지털 단식과 자기주도적 피정, 기도와 결합된 영성훈련이자 공동체적 돌봄으 로 이어지는 학습 노동은 청소년으로 하여금 참 자기를 발견하고 영성 형성에 기여한다. 이뿐만 아니라 사막 전통의 영성이 개인의 영적 성숙 을 넘어 공동체적 영성의 회복으로 나아간다는 점은 개인주의적 신앙 경향을 넘어, 타자와의 관계 속에서 책임 있는 시민적 삶을 촉진한다. 연구자가 참여한 <청소년 묵상 캠프>를 분석하여, 사막 전통에 기초한 묵상과 침묵, 걷기 기도, 영적 나눔이 청소년의 참 자기 발견, 하나님과 의 관계 심화, 공동체적 감수성 형성에 실질적인 영향을 미쳤음을 보여 준다.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 국문 초록············································································································ⅲ
• Ⅰ. 서론··················································································································1
• 1. 문제 제기와 배경··························································································1
• 2. 연구 방법과 절차··························································································4
• Ⅱ. 사막 전통의 영성···················································································8
• 1. 기독교 영성에서 사막 전통의 위치·······················································8
• (1) 사막 전통의 성서적 기원············································································8
• (2) 사막 교부들 ····································································································9
• (3) 사막 전통의 영성 ························································································15
• (4) 사막 전통과 수도원의 발전 ······································································20
• 2. 사막 전통의 영성훈련··················································································21
• (1) 금욕 ················································································································22
• (2) 고독 ················································································································27
• (3) 노동 ················································································································31
• (4) 기도와 묵상 ··································································································34
• 3. 종합적 결론·····································································································37
• Ⅲ. 사막 전통의 영성과 기독교 청소년의 영성 형성··········41
• 1. 기독교 청소년의 영적 상황·····································································41
• (1) 자기 정체성의 혼란····················································································42
• (2) 영성훈련의 부재 ··························································································43
• (3) 개인주의적 문화 ··························································································46
• 2. 영적 상황에 대한 대안으로서 사막 전통··········································47
• (1) 참 자기의 발견 ····························································································48
• (2) 네 가지 영성훈련 ························································································49
• (3) 공동체적 영성의 회복 ················································································56
• 3. 청소년 영성 형성의 실제·········································································59
• (1) 청소년 묵상 캠프 ························································································60
• (2) 사막 전통의 영성훈련 적용 ······································································63
• (3) 청소년 영성 형성에 미친 영향································································64
• Ⅳ. 결론················································································································67
• 1. 요약··················································································································67
• 2. 제언··················································································································68
• 영문 초록············································································································71
• [참고문헌] ···········································································································73