한국 남자 대학농구 선수의 ACWR이 과사용 손상에 미치는 영향 : 지수가중이동평균(EWMA)기반 분석 = The Effect of ACWR on Overuse Injuries In Korean Male Collegiate Basketball Players

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 지수 가중 이동 평균(Exponentially Weighted Moving Average, EWMA)을 기반으로 한 급성:만성 부하비(Acute:Chronic Workload Ratio, ACWR)와 한국 남자 대학 농구 선수들의 과사용 부상(Overuse Injury) 간의 관계를 조사하고, 훈련 부하 패턴이 부상 위험에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 연구 대상은 대한민국 수원시에 위치한 S대학교 소속 1부 리그 남자 농구선수 8명(가드 3명, 포워드 4명, 센터 1명)으로 선정하였다. 데이터는 2024년 7월 29일부터 2025년 2월 23일까지 총 210일간의 훈련 및 경기 자료를 수집하였다. 일일 훈련 부하 (Daily Training Load, TL)는 세션 운동자각도(Session Rating of Perceived Exertion, sRPE)와 훈련 시간을 곱하여 산출하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 EWMA를 이용한 급성(7일) 및 만성(28일) 부하와 ACWR을 계산하였다. 과사용 부상은 오슬로 스포츠 외상 연구센터 설문 점수 25점 이상과 팀 운동트레이너의 의무 기록을 결합하여 확인하였다. 데이터 분석은 Stata/SE 16.0을 이용하였으며, 기술통계, Mann–Whitney U 검정, 다수준 이진 로지스틱 회귀분석, 그리고 패널 이진 로지스틱 회귀모형을 사용하였으며 모든 통계적 유의수준은 p<.05로 설정하였다. 연구결과, 3~4개월차에 부상 선수군의 평균 ACWR이 비부상 선수군보다 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<.05). 다수준 이항 로지스틱 회귀분석 결과, ACWR은 부상 발생과 유의한 양의 상관관계(p<.05)를 보였으며, ACWR이 1.5 이상일 경우 부상 위험이 20배 이상 증가(p<.05)하였다. 또한 스위트 스팟(sweet spot) 범위 (0.8–1.3)와 비교했을 때, ACWR이 1.3 이상인 경우에도 부상 위험이 유의하게 증가하였다(p<.05). 7일간의 훈련 부하 패턴 분석에서는, 최근 7일 이내에 연속 3일 이상의 휴식일이 존재하거나, 같은 기간 동안 ACWR≥1.5의 고부하일이 많을수록 부상 위험이 유의하게 증가(p<.05)하였다. 특히 연속된 휴식일 이후 ACWR이 급격히 1.5 이상으로 상승한 경우, 부상 위험은 더욱 크게 증가하였다(p<.05). 이러한 결과는 훈련 부하의 절대량보다는 부하의 변화율과 일관성이 과사용 부상 예방의 핵심 요인임을 시사한다. 따라서 대학 농구 선수들의 경우, ACWR을 0.8–1.3 범위 내에서 유지하고, 3일 이상의 휴식 이후에는 부하를 점진적으로 재도입하여 ACWR이 1.5를 초과하지 않도록 관리할 것을 권장한다.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목 차
• 그림목차 ··························································································································ⅲ
• 표목차 ······························································································································ⅳ
• I. 서론 ·······························································································································1
• 1. 연구의 필요성 ·············································································································1
• 2. 연구의 목적 ·················································································································4
• 3. 연구의 가설 ·················································································································5
• 4. 연구의 제한점 ·············································································································6
• 5. 용어의 정리 ·················································································································7
• II. 이론적 배경 ·············································································································10
• 1. 농구선수의 경기 특성과 부상 발생 요인에 대한 고찰 ···································10
• 2. 훈련부하와 과사용 손상에 대한 고찰 ·································································13
• 3. ACWR 선행연구 관련 고찰 ··················································································17
• Ⅲ. 연구 방법 ················································································································19
• 1. 연구 대상 ···················································································································19
• 2. 연구 절차 ···················································································································20
• 3. 자료 수집 ···················································································································21
• 4. 측정 변인 ···················································································································24
• 5. 자료 분석 ···················································································································25ii
• Ⅳ. 연구결과 ··················································································································27
• 1. 자료 수집 결과 ·········································································································27
• 2. 부상군과 비부상군 간 ACWR의 차이 ································································30
• 3. ACWR 수준과 부상 위험의 관계 ········································································38
• 4. 훈련 부하 패턴과 부상 간의 관계 ·······································································43