This study aims to theoretically and empirically investigate how audience performativity manifests in digital media environments. From modernist theatre in the 20th-century through postdramatic theatre, a fundamental reconsideration of the audience as...
This study aims to theoretically and empirically investigate how audience performativity manifests in digital media environments. From modernist theatre in the 20th-century through postdramatic theatre, a fundamental reconsideration of the audience as passive recipients occurred, and the concept of ‘performativity’—in which audiences actively generate meaning as agents—gained renewed attention. Since performativity emerges through the interaction between performers and audiences based on co-presence, traditional performativity presupposed physical co-presence. However, with the advent of the digital age, the premise that only physical co-presence enables audience performativity requires reconsideration. Therefore, this study argues that the essence of performativity can be maintained through ‘mediated presence’ in digital environments and analyzes how audience performativity manifests in these contexts.
To this end, the study proceeds as follows. Chapter 2 examines the theoretical possibilities for audience performativity in digital environments. First, it traces how the unidirectional viewing structure transformed into a relational structure between performers and audiences through the trajectory from 20th-century modernist theatrical experiments to postmodernist theatre. Furthermore, by examining the concept of performativity that emerged against this relational turn, the study establishes its theoretical foundation. Building on this, the research notes that performativity aesthetics redefines theatre as an ‘event’, requiring a reconceptualization of space and body. Consequently, theoretical and practical discussions in traditional theatre regarding performative space and embodied body were reviewed. Moreover, by analyzing how space and body in digital environments are realized through avatars and interfaces, as well as examining the communication structure of digital environments, the study confirms that performativity can be extended in digital contexts. Chapter 3 analyzes how audience performativity manifests in digital environments by categorizing it into narrative performativity, spatial performativity, and social performativity, providing detailed examination of each. It theorizes that narrative performativity emerges through branching structures and real-time choices; spatial performativity through avatar embodiment and exploration of designed virtual spaces; and social performativity through networked feedback loops and interactions.
Chapter 4 examines how the three types of performativity presented in Chapter 3 manifest through a case study of the metaverse musical Re:member. Through this analysis, the study confirms that the performance implements branching narrative structures, adaptive spatial design, and avatar interactions, enabling each audience member to generate unique performance experiences.
This study ultimately demonstrates that performativity operates through ‘mediated presence’ even in digital environments, and that the essence of performativity can be maintained in digital contexts where physical co-presence is absent. This suggests that technology can become a new aesthetic possibility in the digital age. The findings of this study are expected to provide a theoretical reference point for analyzing and evaluating various forms of digital performance in the future, and to serve as a starting point for exploring the direction of performing arts in the digital era.