In South Korea, globalization has brought many migrants, and Vietnamese migrants form one of the largest groups. However, they often face difficulties in their faith life because of language barriers, cultural differences, and confusion about identity...
In South Korea, globalization has brought many migrants, and Vietnamese migrants form one of the largest groups. However, they often face difficulties in their faith life because of language barriers, cultural differences, and confusion about identity. Pastoral counseling, therefore, plays an important role in healing their inner struggles and helping them rebuild their faith identity and sense of belonging in the community. This study focuses on the case of the Diocese of Incheon, exploring the meaning and practice of pastoral counseling for Vietnamese Catholic migrants. It also presents challenges revealed through surveys and interviews, and suggests ways to overcome them. The ultimate goal is to propose a pastoral care approach in which the pastor accompanies migrants while respecting and embracing diversity.
Chapter 1 explains the concepts of “pastoral” and “pastoral counseling.” Pastoral ministry is not just a duty but the Church’s mission to guide and care for the community. Pastoral counseling goes beyond solving problems; it helps believers understand their suffering in God and find direction in life. The counselor accompanies the person with empathy and supports their spiritual growth. Through this, believers gain a stronger identity in faith, and the community grows in trust and unity. Thus, pastoral counseling is an essential ministry that helps today’s faithful experience healing and growth.
Chapter 2 discusses the situation of Vietnamese migrants in South Korea. Migration is not just moving to another place but a turning point in life. Many Vietnamese came to South Korea for survival. Since the 1990s, they have migrated mainly through labor, marriage, and education. Despite challenges of language, culture, and prejudice, they contribute to South Korean society and adapt. Catholic communities, in particular, provide comfort and support for social adjustment. Therefore, understanding and accompanying them is a key mission of the Church’s pastoral care for migrants.
Chapter 3 examines the Vietnamese Catholic community in the Incheon Diocese. The community is centered in Gimpo and Seoknam-dong, where members remain faithful, but they also face barriers such as language, culture, economic struggles, and lack of psychological support. Most members are young (ages 20–39). While they adapt socially, sustaining faith and mutual support remains a challenge. In a survey, 95.5% recognized the need for pastoral counseling, but participation was limited due to a shortage of counselors, lack of time, limited places, and cultural burdens. Solutions include increasing access to counseling, offering online and flexible sessions, training pastoral leaders, cooperating with experts, and building sustainable counseling systems.
This study aims to understand the reality of Vietnamese Catholic migrants in South Korea and explore ways to provide them with appropriate pastoral care. Pastoral counseling is more than support—it helps migrants grow, find stability, and strengthen their faith identity within the community. Yet, challenges remain due to lack of trained counselors and structural limits. To address this, it is important to secure Vietnamese-speaking counselors and develop regular and online counseling programs.
In conclusion, pastoral counseling should not be a one-time activity but a continuous and systematic form of care. It allows migrants to find hope in faith and to settle more securely in the community. In the future, developing specific counseling models and training programs for Vietnamese migrants—and applying them to other migrant communities as well—remains an important task for the Church.