웨인 그루뎀의 예언관에 대한 이해와 신학적 비평 = Wayne Grudem's Theology of Prophecy: An Examination and Critique

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This thesis examines Wayne Grudem's theology of prophecy, which has been one of the most debated issues within contemporary evangelical theology. While Grudem strongly affirms the authority, inerrancy, and sufficiency of Scripture, he simultaneously argues for the continuation of prophecy by redefining New Testament prophecy as fallible and non-authoritative. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether his position is biblically sound and whether it is compatible with the doctrine of a closed canon.

To this end, the thesis first surveys major positions on the gift of prophecy-cessationism, continuationism, and moderate views-and then explores the theological and experiential background that shaped Grudem's prophetic theology, including his strong commitment to biblical authority and his charismatic experiences during his university years.

The main analysis focuses on the authority and continuation of New Testament prophecy. With regard to authority, this study argues that Grudem's claim of a lower level of authority for New Testament prophecy rests on problematic interpretations of the concept of "prophet" and key passages such as Ephesians 2:20 and 3:5. Concerning continuation, the thesis critically examines Grudem's interpretation of 1 Corinthians 13:8-13 and contends that the passage emphasizes the temporary nature of spiritual gifts and the enduring priority of love, rather than clearly defining the duration of prophecy until Christ's return.

In addition, this study evaluates Grudem's concept of "fallible prophecy" and its proposed source in "spontaneous revelation." An examination of relevant biblical texts shows that Scripture consistently presents divine revelation as authoritative. Therefore, the idea of revelation that originates from God yet does not carry divine authority lacks sufficient biblical support and raises serious concerns regarding the sufficiency of Scripture.

Finally, this thesis proposes an alternative framework for understanding contemporary prophetic phenomena. Rather than identifying them as biblical prophecy, such experiences should be understood as "spiritual impressions" or forms of divine guidance. This approach allows the church to acknowledge spiritual experience while clearly maintaining the authority and sufficiency of Scripture.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론 1
• 1. 연구목적 1
• 2. 이론적 배경 4
• 3. 연구방법 8
• Ⅱ. 예언의 은사에 대한 세 가지 관점 9
• 1. 은사 중지론적 입장 9
• 2. 은사 지속론적 입장 13
• 3. 온건한 입장 17
• 1) 온건한 은사 중지론 17
• 2) 온건한 은사 지속론 19
• Ⅲ. 웨인 그루뎀의 예언관 분석 23
• 1. 신학적 배경 23
• 1) 어린 시절의 가족과 교회의 영향 23
• 2) 대학 시절의 영적 경험 26
• 2. 그루뎀 예언관의 핵심 28
• 1) 다른 권위를 가진 신약의 예언 29
• 2) 중지되지 않은 예언 30
• 3. 신학적 함의 30
• Ⅳ. 웨인 그루뎀 예언관에 대한 신학적 비평 32
• 1. 신약 예언의 권위 32
• 1) 구약과 신약 예언의 불연속성 32
• (1) 신약성경에 나타난 ‘예언자’의 의미 33
• (2) 에베소서 2장 20절과 3장 5절의 ‘사도와 선지자들’에 대한 해석 36
• 2) 신약 예언의 불연속성에 대한 주요 논의 39
• (1) 오류 가능성이 있는 예언 40
• (2) 예언 분별의 필요성과 의미 42
• 2. 예언의 지속성 46
• 1) 고린도전서 13장 8-13절의 해석 47
• (1) ‘온전한 것’의 의미 47
• (2) ‘부분적인 것’의 의미 49
• 2) 예언의 지속과 성경의 충분성 51
• (1) 성경에서 말하는 ‘계시’의 의미 51
• (2) 현대 예언과 성경의 충분성 55
• (3) 현대 예언에 대한 신학적 대안 57
• Ⅴ. 결론 62
• 참고자료 66
• Abstract 70