Recently, various premixed bioceramic cements (PBCs) have been developed and released in different delivery forms, including capsules, syringes, and syringes with needles. PBCs eliminate the need for manual mixing, thereby enhancing handling convenien...
Recently, various premixed bioceramic cements (PBCs) have been developed and released in different delivery forms, including capsules, syringes, and syringes with needles. PBCs eliminate the need for manual mixing, thereby enhancing handling convenience, and offer consistent physical properties. This study aimed to evaluate the setting time, cytocompatibility, and osteogenic potential of PBCs.
Five different PBCs—CeraPutty (CRPT), One-Fil PT (OFPT), One-Fil PT Injectable (OFIJ), Well-Root PT (WRPT) and EndoCEM MTA premixed regular (ECMP)—were tested. Setting time was evaluated under two conditions: saline and fetal bovine serum (FBS). Biocompatibility was assessed using MTT assays on human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPDLFs) exposed to material extracts at various concentrations. Osteogenic potential was evaluated by measuring alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity after 7 days and Alizarin Red S (ARS) staining after 14 days. Two-way ANOVA was used to assess the influence of medium and PBC type on setting time, while one-way ANOVA was employed for the analysis of MTT, ALP, and ARS data, with a significance level of 0.05.
The setting time was significantly influenced by both the type of medium and the PBC tested, with their interaction (P < 0.05). Setting time was generally prolonged in FBS compared to saline, except for ECPM, which exhibited significantly faster setting time in FBS. All PBCs achieved cell viability above 90% at all tested time points and concentrations. CRPT showed the highest ALP activity, indicating robust early osteogenic differentiation (P < 0.05). All groups exhibited significant mineral deposition as shown by ARS staining (P < 0.05). The tested PBCs demonstrated favorable chemo-mechanical and biological properties, supporting their use as reliable alternatives to traditional MTA.