The maritime sector, which accounts for approximately 80% of global freight transport, has been actively pursuing environmentally friendly vessels to reduce carbon emissions, and interest in electric propulsion ships has been increasing. The inverter,...
The maritime sector, which accounts for approximately 80% of global freight transport, has been actively pursuing environmentally friendly vessels to reduce carbon emissions, and interest in electric propulsion ships has been increasing. The inverter, a core component of electric propulsion ships, is a power conversion device that controls the propulsion motor, and its performance affects the efficiency and operational characteristics of the ship propulsion system. Since the power conversion performance of an inverter is largely governed by the power semiconductor devices, device selection is critical. In recent years, inverters equipped with SiC MOSFETs featuring high efficiency and high power density have been increasingly adopted across commercial applications, leading to continued comparative studies with conventional Si IGBT inverters. However, given that the primary objective of adopting electric propulsion ships is the reduction of environmental pollutants, it is necessary to verify whether performance improvements translate into environmental benefits from a life cycle perspective. Accordingly, this study conducts a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Si IGBT inverters and SiC MOSFET inverters. To overcome the limitations of conventional ship and inverter LCA, which typically assume fixed or representative loads during the operational phase or apply inverter efficiency as a standardized static coefficient, a dynamic LCA is performed by incorporating actual operating profiles of three types of coastal ships (a passenger and car ship, a cruise ship, and a recreational boat) along with experimentally obtained inverter efficiency data. Based on this approach, time-resolved power losses of the inverter system are calculated, and global warming potential, fossil fuel depletion, and cumulative energy demand are evaluated. The results show that, across all operating profiles and environmental impact categories, the SiC MOSFET inverter consistently reduces environmental impacts compared to the Si IGBT inverter, with reduction rates of approximately 57% for the cruise ship, 52% for the passenger and car ship, and 34% for the recreational boat. Furthermore, the overall LCA results indicate that the contribution of the operational-phase-based dynamic LCA exceeds 99%, while that of the static LCA is less than 1%, demonstrating the importance of applying dynamic LCA that reflects real operating conditions.