Underwater acoustic channels are highly time varying and inherently face challenges such as high transmission loss, multipath propagation, and low propagation speed. In particular, the Doppler effect caused by the relative velocity between the transmi...
Underwater acoustic channels are highly time varying and inherently face challenges such as high transmission loss, multipath propagation, and low propagation speed. In particular, the Doppler effect caused by the relative velocity between the transmitter and receiver leads to frequency shifts and spreading, which causes ISI (Inter Symbol Interference) and degrades communication system performance. For rapid and reliable processing of acoustic signals in marine applications, such as active sonar and underwater drones, estimating and compensating for Doppler shift frequency is essential. Conventional methods for estimating Doppler shift frequency suffer from high computational complexity and long processing times, making them difficult to apply in real-time communication, and they often require the use of two or more signals. In this thesis, a single HFM (Hyperbolic Frequency Modulation) signal-based Doppler shift frequency estimation technique using CW (Continuous Wave) replicas is proposed. A bank constructed with CW replicas is utilized to calculate the correlation magnitude based on the minimum or maximum frequency. The degree of shift is determined by finding the intersection point of the resulting correlation graph, which is then defined as the Doppler shift frequency. The proposed method demonstrates reduced errors and faster operation time compared to conventional approaches, while also offering signal processing flexibility. Furthermore, a method is presented to estimate the Doppler shift frequency and correct relative errors that may be included in the estimation. To evaluate the proposed method, simulations were executed, confirming its capability to estimate Doppler shift frequency at a better level of performance with reduced operation time compared to existing methods. KEYWORDS : Underwater acoustic channel; Doppler shift frequency estimation; Broadband signal; Nonlinear chirp; Continuous wave; Replica