This paper is a study on the Mingliological characteristics of different occupational groups, analyzing the Bazis (Saju) of civil servants, teachers, and self‑employed workers. The purpose of this study is to identify the Bazi traits that show affinity with each occupational group and to explore how Mingliological theories can be applied to career guidance and occupational choice. As analytical tools in Mingli, this study applies the Yin–Yang properties of the natal chart(Bazi), the Five Elements of the Day Stem, the concepts of Strong Self(Day Master) and Weak One (身强, 身弱), the Useful God (Yongshin: 用神) theory, the Mutual Vitalization Relationships among the ten Gods, the Primary One of Ten Gods(主宰十星), the Bazi Structure (Geokguk: 格局) theory, the Twelve Divine Stars (Sib-Yi Shinsal), and other auxiliary Divine Stars (Shinsal). The results of the study indicate that the Mingliological characteristics of each occupational group are as follows.
Although it would be possible to distinguish Mingliological characteristics according to each of the nine criteria, the results of the study confirmed that the Vitalization Relationships among Ten Gods and the Bazi Structure are the criteria that show significant differences among occupational Groups.
Accordingly, by combining these two tools, the Mingliological characteristics can be labeled as follows: for civil servants, Gwan-In Sangsaeng with Gwan-geok(官印相生, 官格); for teachers, In-Bi-Shik with Shiksang-geok(印比食, 食傷格); and for the self-employed, Shikshin Saengjae with Shiksang-geok(食神生財, 食傷格). For the group of civil servants, characterized by Gwan-in Sangsaeng and a Gwan-geok structure, their yin–yang traits were classified into three categories—yang-oriented charts, balanced ones, and yin-oriented ones—and the civil servants generally showed strong Yin characteristic. Among the 25 cases, there are 5 Yang-strong charts, 10 Yin–yang balanced ones, and 10 Yin-strong.
Regarding the Five Elements of the Day Stem(Day Master), there are 7 Earths, 6 Fire,s 6 Waters, 2 Metals, and 4 Woods, indicating that Yin and Yang Stems were evenly distributed overall. However, the neutral element, Earth, accounted for a relatively high proportion, showing a tendency not to lean excessively toward either Yin or Yang.
In terms of the criterion of strong versus weak of Day Master (身强/身弱), strong charts made up 65% and weak charts 35%, so strong charts are clearly predominant.
With respect to the Useful God (yongshin, 用神), 36% are governed by Inseong (印星: Resource star), 32% by Shiksang (食傷: Output Star), 16% by Gwanseong (官星: Officer Star), 12% by Jaeseong (財星: Wealth Star), and 4% by Bigeop (比劫 Companion Star). Thus, Inseong and Shiksang together accounted for 68%, forming the overwhelming majority.
In terms of the Vitalizing Relationships among the Ten Gods (sipseong) based on the Day Master, Gwan-In Sangsaeng(官印相生) accounted for 48%, Jae-Saeng-Gwan (財生官f) for 20%, In-Bi-Sik(印比食) for 16%, Sik-Saeng-Jae(食生財) for 12%, and others for 4%. Therefore, in the Vitalizing Relationship among the Ten Spirits, Gwan-In Sangsaeng is predominant, followed by Jae-Saeng-Gwan and In-Bi-Sik at similar proportions.
As for the Primary Ten Gods, Siksang made up 36%, Gwanseong 24%, Inseong 20%, Jaeseong 12%, and Bigeop 8%. Among civil servants, Siksang overwhelmingly dominated as the primary Ten God, with Gwanseong and Inseong following at comparable levels.
Regarding the Bazi structure (Geokguk), Gwan-geok(官格)constituted 40%, Jae-geok(財格) 20%, In-geok(印格)16%, Geonlog-geok(建祿格) 12%, Yangin-geok(梁刃格) 4%, and Siksang-geok(食傷格) 8%, indicating that in the Bazis of civil servants, Gwan-geok(官格) and Jae-geok(財格) are overwhelmingly the most common.
Under the criterion of the Twelve Stars (Sibi Sinsal: 十二神殺), Ji-Sal(地殺) appears in 16 cases, Cheon-Sal(天殺)in 11, Hwagae-Sal(花蓋殺) in 12, Jangseong-Sal(將星殺 )in 8, Yeokma-Sal(驛馬殺)in 6, Yeon-Sal(年殺), Wol-Sal(月殺), and Mangshin-Sal(亡身殺) in 6 cases each, BanahnSal(攀鞍殺) in 5, Jae-Sal(財殺) in 5, Geop-Sal(劫殺) in 4, and Yukhae-Sal(六害殺 )in 2. In the Bazis of civil servants, Ji-Sal(地殺) accounts for over 60%, and Cheon-Sal(天殺) and Hwagae-Sal(花蓋殺) each occupy around 40%, indicating that these Stars (Sinsal) can serve as important explanatory tools in relation to career paths and vocational aptitudes.
Under the criterion of other auxiliary Stars, Baekho-Sal(白虎殺) and Gwaegang-Sal(魁强殺) are found in 13 cases, Cheoneul Gwiin(天乙貴人) in 12, Mungok(文曲) and Munchang(文昌) in 9, and Cheondeok(天德) and Woldeok Gwiin(月德貴人) combined in 9 cases. Among other Auxiliary Stars, Baekho, Gwaegang, and Cheoneul Gwiin are those that frequently appear in the Bazis of civil servants.
Teachers characterized by In-Bi-Sik(印比食) in the Vitalization Relationship and a Siksang-Geok(食傷格) Structure generally showed Yin-strong tendencies in terms of the Yin–Yang properties of their natal charts. Among the 19 cases, there are 6 Yang-strong charts, 9 Yin–Yang balanced ones, and 4 Yin-strong ones.
Regarding the Five Elements of the day stem(Day Master), there are 4 Earths, 4 Metals, 4 Waters, 4 Woods, and 3 Fires, indicating that Yin and Yang stems are evenly distributed without any particular bias.
According to the criterion of strong versus weak Day Master (身强日干 vs 身弱日干), strong charts accounted for 58% and weak charts for 42%, showing that strong charts are clearly predominant.
In terms of the useful god (Yongshin), Inseong (印星: Resource Star) accounted for 26.3%, Siksang (食傷: Output Star) for 47.35%, Gwanseong (官星: Officer Star) for 10.5%, jaeseong (wealth star) for 15.7%, and Bigeop (比劫: Companion Star) for 0%. Thus, Inseong(Resource Star) and Siksang(食傷: Output) together made up 74%, forming the overwhelming majority.
In terms of the Vitalization Relationship among the Ten Gods (十星: Sipsong) based on the Day Stem(Day Master), In-Bi-Sik(印比食) accounted for 52.6%, JaesaengGwan(財生官) for 26.4%, and both Gwan-in sangsaeng(官印相生) and Sik-saeng-Jae(食生財) for 10.5% each. Therefore, in the Vitalization Relationship among the Ten Gods, In-Bi-Sik(印比食) is predominant, followed by Jae-saeng-Gwan(財生官).
Regarding the primary Ten God, Siksang(食傷:Output) made up 36.8%, Gwanseong (官星: Officer Star) 31.5%, Inseong(印星: Resource Star)) 15.7%, Bigeop(比劫: Companion Star) 10.5%, and Jaeseong(財星: Wealth Star) 5.2%, indicating that, in the profession of teacher, Siksang(Output Star) overwhelmingly dominated as the primary Ten God, with Gwanseong(Officer Star) following it.
As for the Bazi Structure (Geokguk), Siksang-geok(食傷格) constituted 42.3%, Gwan-geok(官格) 21%, In-geok(印格) 21%, Jae-geok(財格) 10.5%, and Yangin-geok(羊刃格) 5.2%, showing that in teachers’ Bazis, Siksang-geok(食傷格) appeared with overwhelming frequency.
From the perspective of the Twelve Stars (Sibi Sinsal), the occupational group of teachers shows the following characteristics: Jangseongsal in 10 cases, Jisal in 9, Hwagaesal in 8, Jaesal in 7, Wolsal in 9, Yukhaesal in 6, Mangshinsal(亡身殺 )in 4, Cheonsal in 2, Yeonsal(年殺) in 3, Yeokmasal in 4, and Geopsal(劫殺 ) in 3 cases. In the Bazis of teachers, Jangseongsal accounts for over 52%, Jisal for 48%, Hwagaesal for 42%, Jaesal for 36.8%, and Wolsal for 47.3%, suggesting that these stars (Sinsal) can serve as important explanatory tools for career paths and vocational aptitudes.
Under the criterion of other auxiliary stars, Baekho–Gwaegangsal appears in 58% of the cases, Cheoneul Gwiin in 21%, Mungok–Munchang in 52%, and Cheondeok Gwiin–Woldeok Gwiin in 63%. Among these other auxiliary stars, Baekho–Gwaegang and Cheondeok–Woldeok Gwiin are those that frequently appear in the Bazis of teachers.
Under the criterion of the Twelve Stars (Sibi Sinsal), Geopsal appears in 5 cases, Jaesal in 5, Cheonsal in 5, Jisal in 11, Yeonsal in 5, Wolsal in 2, Mangshinsal in 2, Jangseongsal in 11, Banansal in 5, Yeokmasal in 3, Yukhaesal in 2, and Hwagaesal in 10 cases. In the Bazis of the self‑employed, Jisal and Jangseongsal each account for more than 55%, and Hwagaesal for 50%, while Geopsal, Jaesal, Cheonsal, Yeonsal, and Banansal each account for 27.7%. This shows that these stars (sinsal) can serve as important explanatory tools for career paths and vocational aptitudes.
Under the criterion of other auxiliary stars, Baekho–Gwaegangsal is found in 9 cases, Cheoneul Gwiin in 6, Mungok–Munchang in 7, and Cheondeok Gwiin–Woldeok Gwiin in 8 cases. Among these other auxiliary stars, Baekho–Gwaegang and Cheondeok–Woldeok Gwiin are those that frequently appear in the Bazis of the self‑employed.
The Bazi characteristic of self‑employed workers can be classified as Sikshin Saengjae(食神生財) with a Siksang Structure(食傷格). In terms of the Yin–Yang trait of their natal charts, they generally showed Yang-strong tendency. Among the 18 cases, there are 6 Yang‑strong charts, 8 Yin–Yang balanced ones, and 4 Yin‑strong ones.
Regarding the Five Elements of the day stem(日干: Day Master) there are 4 Fires, 4 Waters, 2 Woods, 7 Metals, and 1 Earth, indicating that the Yin elements occupied a large proportion, thereby revealing a tendency toward Yin.
According to the criterion of strong versus weak Day Master, strong charts accounted for 83.25% and weak charts for 16.75%, showing that strong charts are clearly dominant.
In terms of the Useful God (Yongshin), Inseong (Resource Star) accounted for 38.85%, Siksang (Output star) for 49.95%, Gwanseong (Officer Star) for 5.55%, and Jaeseong (Wealth star) for 5.55%, while Bigeop (Companion Star) did not appear. With Siksang approaching 50%, it overwhelmingly occupied the leading position.
In terms of the Vitalization relationship among the Ten Gods based on the Day Stem, Sikshin Saengjae(食神生財) accounted for 38.85%, Jae-saeng-Gwan(財生官) for 11.1%, In-Bii-Sik(印比食) for 22.2%, and Gwan-In sangsaeng(官印相生) for 27.85%. Thus, in the Vitalization Relationship among the Ten Gods, Sikshin Saengjae(食神生財) and Jae-saeng-Gwan(財生官) together formed the mainstream at close to 50%, followed by Gwan-in Sangsaeng(官印相生).
Regarding the primary Ten God, Gwanseong(Officer Star) accounted for 22.2%, Siksang(Output Star) for 44.4%, Jaeseong(Wealth Star) for 11.1%, and Inseong(Resource Star) for 22.2%. Among the self‑employed, Gwanseong(Officer Star) constituted the main current of the primary Ten gods, followed by Siksang(Output Star) and Jaeseong(Wealth Star0.
As for the Bazi Structure(Geokguk), Sikshin–Sanggwan-geok (食神傷官格) made up 33.3%, while Chilsal–jeonggwan-geok(七殺正官格) and In‑geok(印格) each accounted for 16.5%, and Yangin-geok(羊刃格), Jae-geok(財格), and Geonlog-geok(建祿格) each for 11%. Therefore, in the saju of the self‑employed, Sikshin–Sanggwan-geok(食神傷官格) appeared most frequently.
The significance of this study lies in applying nine Mingliological analytical tools to extract only the objective characteristics of the Bazi, thereby suggesting the potential to use them as tools for assessing vocational aptitude. Since Bazi structures can be classified by occupational group, it is possible to infer the characteristics of each group. The study confirmed that the occupational group of public officials and those in managerial positions within organizations is characterized by a Gwan-in sangsaeng relationship(官印相生關係) with a Gwan Structure(官格: Officer Structure); those engaged in education or the transmission of knowledge are characterized by an In-bi-sik relationship(印比食關係) with a Siksang Structure (食傷格: Output Structure); and self-employed workers who are sensitive to management, sales, and performance are characterized by a Sikshin saengjae Relationship(食神生財關係) with a Siksang Structure(食傷格:Output Structure).
The limitations of this study lie in the restricted region, limited occupational types, and small number of cases, which reduce the reliability of generalizing the occupational characteristics. It is hoped that future case studies of this kind will accumulate and eventually be used as a sufficiently reliable tool.