The enhancement of AI technology has not only spurred technological innovation but also raised concerns about ethical and social risks. Consequently, various efforts are being made to regulate and control potential risks of AI. While the EU has implem...
The enhancement of AI technology has not only spurred technological innovation but also raised concerns about ethical and social risks. Consequently, various efforts are being made to regulate and control potential risks of AI. While the EU has implemented the world's first AI legal binding regulation in 2024, the US has emphasized a policy framework that prioritizes technological innovation, national security, and maintaining its global leadership.
This thesis aims to compare and analyze the AI policy frameworks of the US and the EU, both of which play a crucial role in the global competition for AI. The research purpose was to find out the core differences and characteristics between these two in terms of their AI policy directions. In addition to examining the abstract or overview sections of various AI-related policies from both governments, a keyword network analysis was conducted on the full text of each 'AI Action Plan' which was announced in 2025. Unlike previous studies that focused on identifying the technological status in specific fields using qualitative literature comparisons, this research seeks to empirically demonstrate the differences in policy mechanisms by visually and statistically explaining the structural relationships among selected keywords.
According to the analysis, the US emphasized the importance of national security by adopting methods centered on technological development and building systems to counter adversaries, while the EU demonstrated a structural difference by focusing on regulatory compliance across the industrial ecosystem and the establishment of data infrastructure.