This dissertation investigates g-C3N5-based multifunctional composite catalysts for the advanced oxidation and detoxification of pharmaceutical contaminants in water. Hybrid systems were designed to integrate redox catalysis, adsorption, and structura...
This dissertation investigates g-C3N5-based multifunctional composite catalysts for the advanced oxidation and detoxification of pharmaceutical contaminants in water. Hybrid systems were designed to integrate redox catalysis, adsorption, and structural stability under photocatalytic, sonophotocatalytic, oxidants-assisted conditions. Coupling g-C3N5 with transition-metal oxides and mineral supports enhanced interfacial charge transfer and reactive oxygen species generation. Spectroscopic, and machine-learning analyses revealed efficient electron transfer, multi-pathway pharmaceutical degradation, and identified pollutant concentration, pH, and catalyst dosage as dominant kinetic factors. Ecotoxicity assessment confirmed the conversion of intermediates into less toxic, hydrophilic products. Overall, this work establishes a mechanistic basis for recoverable and durable g-C3N5-based hybrid catalysts for sustainable AOP-driven water treatment.