듀이철학에 기반한 진로탐색 인문카운슬링 프로그램 연구 = A Study on a Career Exploration Humanistic Counseling Program Based on Dewey’s Philosophy

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Young adults with work experience increasingly face challenges in finding meaningful career direction. Traditional career counseling approaches rely on trait-factor matching through psychological assessments, assuming that aptitudes and interests are fixed characteristics waiting to be discovered. However, these young adults often struggle not because they haven't identified their traits, but because they need frameworks for reconstructing meaning from lived experiences. This gap reveals fundamental limitations of the discovery paradigm and calls for an alternative approach grounded in experiential reconstruction.
John Dewey's philosophy of experience offers such an alternative through two core principles: continuity and interaction. Continuity suggests that every experience grows out of previous experiences and influences future ones, while interaction emphasizes that experience arises from transactions between individuals and their environment. Central to this process is reflective thinking, which begins with a problematic situation that disrupts habitual action. Through inquiry, individuals transform confusion into understanding. This framework repositions career development as ongoing experiential reconstruction rather than one-time trait discovery.
Dewey reconceptualizes interests and aptitudes not as innate traits to be measured but as dynamic qualities that emerge through purposeful activity. Interests arise when individuals see connections between actions and meaningful outcomes, while aptitudes develop through sustained engagement. This extends to Dewey's understanding of vocation, which he distinguishes from mere occupation. While occupation refers to work for livelihood, vocation represents work that integrates personal growth with social contribution—a calling that connects individual fulfillment with community benefit.
This study applies Dewey's philosophy to career counseling through narrative inquiry. Three participants—a game planner, prospective teacher, and public enterprise employee—engaged in a six-session career exploration program designed around Dewey's principles. Sessions encouraged participants to identify problematic situations in their work experience, engage in reflective thinking, and reconstruct their understanding of interests, aptitudes, and vocational meaning. Data were collected through session recordings, participant journals, and post-program interviews.
The findings reveal a common pattern. Each participant began with a problematic situation: the game planner faced burnout despite initial passion, the teacher grappled with pedagogical tensions, and the public enterprise employee struggled between stability and growth. Through sustained reflection, participants reconstructed their interests and aptitudes. The game planner rediscovered identity as a content creator, the teacher integrated educational philosophy with subject expertise, and the employee found ways to pursue professional development within organizational constraints. All three moved beyond viewing work as personal satisfaction toward understanding vocation as integrating individual growth with social contribution.
This study demonstrates the practical viability of Dewey's experiential philosophy for career counseling with young adults, suggesting a paradigm shift from trait discovery to meaning construction, from fixed matching to dynamic growth, and from individual satisfaction to vocational integration. Limitations include the small sample size and lack of long-term follow-up. Future research should examine diverse populations and track longitudinal outcomes. Despite these limitations, this study provides foundational evidence that Dewey's philosophy offers young adults not just career guidance, but a framework for integrating personal growth with meaningful social contribution.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론 1
• 1. 연구의 배경 1
• 2. 연구의 목적과 필요성 4
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 9
• 1. 듀이 경험철학 기반 진로탐색 9
• 1.1. 성장의 원리로서 경험과 반성 9
• 1.2. 경험으로 재구성되는 흥미와 적성 16
• 2. 듀이 경험철학과 직업의 의미 23
• 2.1. 개인적 성장으로서 직업 23
• 2.2. 공동체적 가치 실현의 직업 26
• Ⅲ. 연구 방법 29
• 1. 연구 프로그램 29
• 2. 연구 참여자 선정 34
• 3. 내러티브 탐구의 적용 37
• 4. 현장텍스트 수집과 분석 41
• 5. 연구의 정당성 및 윤리적 고려 43
• Ⅳ. 연구 참여자들의 진로탐색 이야기 45
• 1. 민준의 이야기: 성공과 무기력 사이의 혼란 45
• 2. 현정의 이야기: 이상과 현실 사이에서의 진로 재탐색 52
• 3. 영석의 이야기: 안정성 추구와 예측 불가능한 현실 59
• Ⅴ. 연구 참여자들의 진로탐색 경험의 의미 탐구 65
• 1. 성장의 출발점: 문제적 상황과 반성 65
• 2. 경험의 확장: 흥미와 적성의 재구성 74
• 3. 일의 의미 확장: 개인적 성장과 사회적 가치의 통합 79
• 4. 연구 결과 요약 83
• Ⅵ. 결론 91
• 참고문헌 94
• 영문초록 98